崆峒山风景名胜区土壤纤毛虫群落特征  

Community characteristics of soil ciliates in scenic spots and historic sites of Pingliang Kongtongshan

作　　者：马正学[1] 秦洁[1] 刘有斌 宁应之[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学生命科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃太统崆峒山国家级自然保护区管理局,甘肃平凉744000

出　　处：《西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第3期93-99,共7页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30470208);中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目

摘　　要：2007年8月至2008年3月,用活体观察和固定染色方法对甘肃太统-崆峒山国家级自然保护区崆峒山风景名胜区土壤纤毛虫的群落特征进行了研究.共鉴定到土壤纤毛虫83种,隶属3纲9目25科35属,其中包括8个未定名种,2个中国土壤纤毛虫新记录种.在针阔混交林、油松林和辽东栎林土壤中各分布有纤毛虫50,35,39种.第一优势类群为前口目,优势度为25.3%;第二优势类群为肾形目和下毛目,优势度均为24.0%.在农田土壤中分布有29种,第一优势类群为肾形目,优势度为27.6%,第二优势类群为膜口目和异毛目,优势度均为17.3%.优势种有小拟匙口虫、有肋薄咽虫、粘游仆虫、苔藓膜袋虫、大弹跳虫、背沟肾形虫、大口薄咽虫、刚毛胃纤虫和透明赭虫.针阔混交林、油松林、辽东栎林、农田4个样点的多样性指数分别为5.96,4.13,5.00,3.30.农田的多样性指数最低,人类活动的干扰导致了土壤纤毛虫物种多样性降低和群落结构简单化.The community characteristics of soil ciliates in scenic spots and historic sites of Kongtongshan of Gansu Taitong-Kongtongshan national nature reserve were studied using observation in vivo and fixation and staining methods from August of 2007 to March of 2008. A total of 83 species belonging to 35 genera of 25 families from 9 orders of 3 classes were identified, including 8 unnamed species and 2 new records of soil ciliates in China. There are 50,35,39 species respectively distributed in coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, Pinus tabulaeformis plantations and Quercus liaotungensis forest. Hypotrichida is the dominant order, the dominant percent is 25.3%. Prostomatida and Colpodida are subdominant orders, both of the subdominant percent are 24.0%. There is 29 species in farmland, Colpodida is the dominant order, the percent is 27. 6%, Hymenostomatida and Heterotrichida are subdominant orders, both of the percent are 17. 3 %. Pseudoplatyophrya nanai, Leptopharynx costatus, Euplotes muscicola, Cyclidium muscicola , Halteria grandinella , Colpoda henneguyi , Leptopharynx eurostoma , Homalogastra setosa , Blepharisrna hyalinurn are dominant species. The Gleason-Margalef Species Diversity Index in coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, Pinus tabulaeforrnis plantations, Quercus liaotungensis forest and farmland are 5.96, 4.13, 5.00 and 3.30, respectively. The results suggest that the species diversities offorest is the lowest one, and the disturbance of human activities results in the reduction of species diversity of soil ciliates and the simpleness of community structure of soil eiliates.

关 键 词：崆峒山风景名胜区 土壤纤毛虫 群落特征 

分 类 号：Q959.116[生物学—动物学]