水、旱栽培条件下稻米品质性状比较研究  

Comparative Studies on Rice Quality Characters Under Water-and Dry-cultivation Conditions

作　　者：郭咏梅[1] 高鹏旭 赵春华[3] 贺长树 陈远伟[3] 杨庭春[3] 李玉梅[3] 卢义宣[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]弥勒县农业局,云南弥勒652300 [3]嵩明县种子管理站,云南嵩明651700

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2009年第4期905-909,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省"十一五"重点攻关项目(2006NG03)

摘　　要：选用旱稻品种IRAT109和水稻品种越富重组自交系(RILs)群体(110个株系)及其亲本,在水、旱2种条件下种植,对各品种稻米的食味品质(直链淀粉含量和RVA谱特征值)和外观品质(粒长、粒宽、垩白率、百粒重)进行比较研究,并进行显著性分析,为抗旱育种和水稻育种提供理论依据。结果表明,粒宽和百粒重受水分胁迫影响较大,土壤水分对粒长、垩白率、直链淀粉含量影响较小。在旱地种植亲本和各品系的粒长、粒宽和百粒重的均值均小于水田种植,而直链淀粉含量和垩白率均大于水田种植;稻米淀粉黏滞性(RVA谱)特征谱中冷胶黏度(CPV)、消碱值(SBV)、回复值(CSV)受土壤水分胁迫影响较大,土壤水分对糊化温度(PAT)、峰值时间(PET)、最高黏度(PKV)、热浆黏度(HPV)、崩解值(BDV)影响较小。对不同品质性状间进行相关性分析,结果表明,水田种植条件下有21对品质性状呈显著相关,在旱地种植条件下14对品质性状呈显著相关,其中在2种栽培条件下均表现为显著相关的品质性状有12对。A recombined inbred lines population consisting of 110 lines developed through anther culture of the F1 hybrid between an upland rice cultivar ‘ IRAT109＇ and a lowland rice cultivar ＇ Yuefu＇ and its parents were used in this study. Under the water, dry planting conditions, the comparative studies and significant analysis of eating quality（ amylose content and features of RVA） and appearance quality （ grain length, grain width, chalkiness rate, 100-grain weight） were earrided out to provide a theoretical basis for rice breeding. The results showed that the greater effect of water stress was observed on the grain width and 100-grain weight and litter on grain length, chalkiness rate, amy- lose content. The grain length, width and 100-grain weight of parents and 110 lines in waterland cultivation of were greater than that in dryland cultivation, and amylose content and chalkiness rate were less than that in dryland cultivation. The comparative study on RVA showed that the greater effect of water stress was observed on the cold plastic viscosity （ CPV）, consumers base value （ SBV）, the restoring value （CSV） of RVA spectral characteristics and litter on gelatiuization temperature （PAT） , the peak time （PET）, the highest viscosity （ PKV）, hot plasma viscosity （ HPV）, disintegrating value （BDV）. And the correlation analysis of different quality traits showed the significant relations were observed in 21 pairs of quality traits under the conditions of paddy cultivation and the 14 pairs of quality traits under dry conditions, and 12 pairs of quality traits under two kinds of cultivation conditions were significantly related.

关 键 词：水稻 水、旱种植 品质性状 相关分析 

分 类 号：S511.033[农业科学—作物学]