低温熔盐铝电解的研究进展  

Research on Low Temperature Aluminium Electrolysis in Molten Salts

作　　者：谢宏伟[1] 王锦霞[2] 翟玉春[1] 廖先杰[1] 李来时[3] 李承德[1] 陈堂平[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学材料与冶金学院,沈阳110004 [2]东北大学理学院,沈阳110004 [3]沈阳铝镁设计研究院,沈阳110001

出　　处：《材料导报》2009年第17期13-18,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50674026)

摘　　要：综述了低温熔盐铝电解的研究进展。根据原料,将低温铝电解的研究划分为以先获得铝离子及铝的络合离子,再进行电解的传统低温铝电解和将固态Al2O3在低温熔盐中直接电化学还原的新低温铝电解。分析了传统方法电解质组成的改变对电解质物理化学性质的影响。指出了传统低温铝电解氧化铝的溶解度小且溶解速度慢、电解质导电性差以及阴极结壳是实现低温铝电解所要解决的主要问题,分析了新电解方法的缺点和解决手段,提出了今后的研究方向。The development of study on low temperature aluminium electrolysis is summarized. According to raw materials, the low temperature aluminium electrolysis is compartmentalized into the conventional way in which the aluminum ion and complexation ion are obtained and electrolyzed, the new method in which solid alumina is directly electrochemically reduced. The effect of the bath composition on physieochemical parameters for conventional low tem- perature aluminium electrolysis is analyzed. The key problems for conventional low temperature aluminium electrolysis to resolve are solubility and solution rate of Al2O3 in electrolyte, electrical conductivity and cathodic crust. The shortcomings of new method are pointed out and the resolvent is referred. The future development direction of low temperature aluminium electrolysis is put forward.

关 键 词：低温铝电解 氧化铝 铝盐 电解质 直接电化学还原 

分 类 号：O623.624[理学—有机化学] TF821[理学—化学]