基于农艺性状和RAPD片断的陕西大豆种质资源遗传多样性研究  

Genetic Diversity of Shaanxi Soybean Landraces Based on Agronomic Traits and RAPD Data

作　　者：刘萌娟[1] 胡胜武[1] 赵惠贤[2] 张敏 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学生命学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]三原县农业局,三原713800

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2009年第5期159-166,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家中期库大豆种质资源繁殖更新与利用(NB05-070401-22-06);大豆种质资源保护(NB04-22-6);西北农林科技大学植物育种专项(05YZ017-2)

摘　　要：为了研究陕西大豆品种资源的生态类型、遗传多样性和演化趋势,为大豆育种和品种布局提供依据,选取75份陕西大豆种质,采用3次重复随机区组设计,取得其生育期、植株性状、品质性状数据,分析这些农艺性状的遗传变异幅度、遗传变异系数、遗传力以及遗传多样性指数等,在此基础上进行聚类分析。提取75个品种的DNA,用RAPD随机引物扩增,统计扩增片断,进行聚类分析。结果表明,陕西大豆的遗传变异很丰富,生育期类型、形态性状、蛋白质含量等都有很大的遗传变异和选择潜力,但是脂肪含量较低而且变异不大。根据对农艺性状的聚类结果,可以将陕西大豆种植区域划分为3个生态区,将陕西大豆分为5个生态类型。陕西大豆的遗传多样性水平为陕南>关中>陕北。The objective of this paper is to study ecological type, genetic diversity and evolution trend of shaanxi soybean landrace, giving useful reference to distribute eultivar and soybean breeding. 75 shaanxi soybean landraces were selected and a randomized blocked design was executed. Then get date of agronomic traits such as growth period, plant and quality. Analysis parameters of genetic variation range, coefficient, genetic ability and genetic index of these agronomic traits. Take cluster analysis on the base of the date. Extracted DNA from 5 seeds of each landrace, amplified DNA with RAPD primers, count the strips and make a cluster dendrogram based on RAPD data. There have an abundant variation among shaanxi soybean landraces. Traits of growth period type, morphology, protein content all have a large scope of genetic variation and selective potential. Trait of fat content is rather low and varies narrowly. The planting region of shaanxi soybean divide into 3 ecological regions and the landraces divide into 5 ecological type according cluster result based on agronomic traits. The genetic diversity level of shaanxi soybean is shaannan〉guanzhong〉shaanbei.

关 键 词：陕西大豆 农艺性状 RAPD 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]