铵态氮和水溶性磷酸盐配比对土壤硝化的影响  

Effect of Match Ratio of Ammonium Nitrogen and Water Solubility Phosphas on Soil Nitrification

作　　者：代惠萍[1,2] 顾斌[1] 屈继旗 孙三民[1] 刘团会[1] 和燕[1] 冯佰利[2] 

机构地区：[1]铜川职业技术学院,陕西铜川727031 [2]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2009年第5期189-193,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：陕西省科技攻关项目(2007K01-15-1)

摘　　要：以钙积干润均腐土为供试土样,采用室内培养法,通过设置不同N/P比。研究了铵态氮不同添加量对硝化作用过程pH和Nmin的影响。结果表明,钙积半干润均腐土铵态氮硝化类型属缓慢型。在一定时间段内,土体中NO2-大量积累并存在,NH4+和NO3-形态弱化;氮磷肥配合施用可构成磷酸盐缓冲体系,可暂时性延缓因土壤硝化作用pH值的下降,从而减小了土壤pH的变化幅度。磷酸盐降低了土壤中NH3分压,有利于减少NH3挥发损失。抑制了NH4HCO3加入后土壤pH的增加,有利于硝化作用,可使土壤硝化类型为较快型,NH4+和NO3-形态得以强化。土壤硝化周期与氮肥施用量成正比例关系。NP肥配添加可缩短铵态氮的硝化时间,NP配合施肥利于土壤硝化作用。合理的N/P比(2∶2)施肥可缩短硝化时间。Effect of match ratio of ammonium nitrogen and water solubility phosphas on soil nitrification was studied. Fresh Cal-Ustic Isohumasols is used of indoor fostering as the experiment method , according of different of N/P ,the difference addition number of ammonium nitrogen process of nitrification pH and Nmin were investigated. The results showed the Cal-Ustic Isohumasols of ammonium nitrogen was slow. At stage of soil existence of many accumulation NO2-, NH4 ＋ and NO3 from weak- ness; nitrogen and phosphorus mixed fertilizer match ratio consist of bicarbonate and phosphate , temporary delay in soil nitrification was declined pH, phosphate change of decrease soil NH3, was beneficial to declined NO3-of volatilization. When accede to the NH4HCO3 was control of soil pH increased, the beneficial to soil nitrification was gradually rapid , so that NH4 ＋ and NO3 form can consolidate. Adequate fertilization N/P （2 ： 2） should shorten of nitrification time.

关 键 词：铵态氮 水溶性磷酸盐 土壤硝化 钙积干润均腐土 

分 类 号：S153.61[农业科学—土壤学]