核子(质子)奇异性形状因子的实验进展  

EXPERIMENTAL PROGRESS ON STRANGE FORM FACTORS OF NUCLEON

作　　者：叶云秀[1] 吕海江[1,2] 阎新虎[1] 朱鹏佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学近代物理系,合肥230026 [2]黄山学院物理系,黄山245021

出　　处：《物理学进展》2009年第3期274-286,共13页Progress In Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:10605022;10875053)

摘　　要：本文简要地介绍了为测量奇异性海夸克对核子电磁形状因子的贡献的实验的理论基础;详细地介绍了在各个实验室、各个实验时期的实验内容,包括奇异性形状因子的早期测量-MIT Bates设备上SAMPLE组测量奇异性磁形状因子的实验;最近JLab CEBAF设备上HAPPEX合作组对奇异性电和磁形状因子的组合测量;Mainz的MAMI上PVA4实验;HAPPEX的高精度实验及首次单个地测量出奇异性电形状因子;以及JLab的G0组的大接收度、奇异性形状因子对四动量转移平方的依赖关系实验。并介绍了各实验室的不同的实验方法,给出了世界上各实验室在不同的运动学量上的测量的结果,以及进一步可能的实验。In this article, we first highlight briefly the theoretical basis for measuring the contribution of the sea strange quarks to the electromagnetic form factors of nucleon, and then describe the experimental approaches to this problem in individual laboratories. We address the earlier experiment on measurements of strange magnetic form factor in MIT at Bates by SAMPLE group, the recent experiments in JLab at CEBAF by HAPPEX group on measuring the combination of the electric and magnetic form factors as well as the experiment in Mainz at Mami by PVA4 group, the most accurate experiment on the extraction of strange electric form factor operated first time by HAPPEX group also, and the experiment on the dependence of the combination of strange electric and magnetic form factors on Q^2 using the apparatus with large acceptance by GO group at JLab. In addition, we present various methods to measure the strange electric and magnetic form factors and summarize the results from different experimental groups. Possible experiments in future on such measurements are outlined in this paper.

关 键 词：弱相互作用 宇称破坏不对称性 中性弱矢量形状因子 奇异性电磁形状因子 中性弱轴形状因子 

分 类 号：O572.241[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]