陕西陇县烤烟种植区土壤养分的测定与肥力综合评价  

Determination and comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility in Shaanxi Longxian tobacco-growing areas

作　　者：赵文田[1] 刘海轮[1,2] 吕家珑[1] 徐温新[1] 刘潭伟[1] 李晓哲[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省烟草公司,陕西西安711000

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第9期123-128,共6页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家"973"资助项目(2005CB121102);陕西省烟草公司资助项目

摘　　要：【目的】对陕西陇县烤烟种植区的土壤养分进行分析与综合评价，为该区烤烟生产和平衡施肥提供理论依据。【方法】对采自陇县10个烤烟种植乡镇55个土壤蝉品的pH、土壤养分含量进行测定，并采用模糊数学隶属函数模型对土壤肥力状况进行综合评价。【结果】陇县烟区土壤pH值为7．39～8．23，平均为7．83；有机质、全氮和全钾含量分别为5．67～17．32，0．41～1．36，20．59～27．04g／kg，平均含量分别为12．39，0．90，22．48g／kg；碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别为41．91～190．41，10．34-49．61，102．80-444．08mg／kg，平均含量分别为98．72，27．81，197．14mg／kg；土壤有效锌和铜含量分别为0．21～O．84，0．21～O．66mg／kg，平均含量分别为0．45，0．46mg／kg；土壤养分存在较广泛的变异，土壤肥力综合评价指标平均为0．6235，变幅为0．3770～0．7484，变异系数为11．56％；Ⅱ级IFI和Ⅲ级JFI土壤所占比例均较大，分别为63．64％和34．55％。【结论】陇县烤烟种植区土壤全钾、速效磷和速效钾含量丰富，有机质和有效锌含量较低，应增加有机肥、腐植酸肥及微肥（锌）的施用量，以实现烟区土壤的养分平衡。[Objective] The study provided academic gist for flue-cured tobacco growth and balanced fertilization in Longxian tobaco-growing areas in Shaanxi provice. [Method] pH and soil nutrient indexes of 55 soil samples collected in ten tobacco-growing counties in Shaanxi Longxian county in 2007 are analyzed. Based on principles of fuzzy mathematics and types of membership function,the comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility of Longxian tobacco-growing areas is conducted. [Result] The results indicated that the pH value ranges from 7.39 to 8.23 ,with the mean of 7.83;The contents of organic matter,total N and total K range from 5.67 to 17.32,from 0.41 to 1.36,from 20.59 to 27.04 g/kg, with the mean of 12.39,0.90, 22.48 g/kg respectinely; The contents of alkaline N, available P and available K range from 41. 91 to 190.41,from 10. 34 to 49. 61,from 102. 80 to 444. 08 mg/kg, with the mean of 98. 72, 27. 81,197. 14 mg/kg;The contents of available Zn and available Cu range from 0.21 to 0.84,from 0.21 to 0.66 mg/kg, with the mean of 0.45 and 0.46 mg/kg. There exists significant variation for the soil fertility in Longxian tobacco-growing areas. Integrated fertility index（IFI）values of the soil samples range from 0. 377 0 to 0. 748 4,with the mean of 0. 623 5 and the coefficient of variation of 11.56%. The areas of grade II and grade m are large,accounting for 63.64% and 34. 55% of the total areas respectively. [Conclusion] The contents of total K, available P and available K are abundant; the content of organic matter and available Zn are lower. Therefore this area organic fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer and trace element （Zn）fertilizer etc should be in. crease, which would realize soid nutrient balance in Longxian tobaco-growing areas of Shaanxi province.

关 键 词：烤烟 土壤肥力 综合评价 陕西陇县 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S158.2[农业科学—作物学]