混凝土薄壳球形水窖结构的优化设计  

Optimum design of spherical concrete shell water cellar structure

作　　者：张仕华[1] 朱德兰[1] 高建恩[2] 王彦武 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]甘肃省水土保持科学研究所,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第9期214-218,共5页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"调控工程结构优化与新型设施开发"(2006BAD09B01);"雨水安全继续与利用技术及装置开发"(2006BAD01B04)

摘　　要：【目的】分析球形水窖空间结构的应力分布情况并进行几何尺寸优化,避免建设者根据经验来确定球形水窖的厚度、构造及混凝土标号,以节省建窖材料,同时防止应力不足而发生破坏。【方法】利用基于ANSYS平台新开发的窖体有限元分析软件,对实际中窖壁厚度为4和11 cm的混凝土薄壳球形水窖进行空间结构应力分析,同时以水窖耗材量最小为目标函数,以许用应力和变形量为约束条件,对其进行几何尺寸优化。【结果】计算得出窖壁厚度为4和11 cm的水窖最大拉应力分别为1 380.00和447.31 kPa,最大压应力分别为5 153.20和1 896.70 kPa;优化出空窖不利工况下容积为20,30和40 m3的球形水窖窖壁最佳厚度,即栗钙土地区分别为0.051,0.061和0.065m,黄土地区分别为0.050,0.059和0.062 m。【结论】经软件优化计算后的球形水窖结构,既能满足强度和刚度的要求,同时也最大限度地节约了材料用量;利用新开发的窖体结构优化分析软件,能够对球形水窖进行空间应力分析与结构优化,可以作为球形水窖设计软件。[Objective] This paper analyzed stress distribution and geometry optimization of the spherical water cellar space structure to help builders avoid to dedermining the cellar wall thickness and concrete structure of the label by their experience, so it can save materials and prevent damage due to less stress. [Method] This project used the newly developed cellar finite element analysis software （based on ANSYS software） to analyze stress distribution and obtain geometry optimization of the 4 and 11 cm thickness cellar spacail structure to use the minimum of water cellar materials as the objective function, and to use allowable stress of the material as the constrain condition. [Result] In this article, the calculated maximum tensile stress of 4 and 11 cm thickness cellars was 1 380.00 and 447.31 kPa,the maximum compressive stress was 5 153.20 and 1 896.70 kPa. Under adverse construction conditions,the optimal wall thickness of empty spherical cellar whose capacity was 20,30 and 40 m^3 namely 0. 051,0. 061 and 0. 065 m in Chestnut soil zone as well as 0. 050,0. 059 and 0. 062 m in Loess zone respectively. [Conclusion] The results showed that after being calculated and optimized by the software, the spherical water cellar could meet the requirements of stiffness and strength,and maximize the amount of material savings. The new developed cellar finite element analysis software can analyze the spacial structure and geometry optimization of the spherical water cellar.

关 键 词：混凝土 薄壳球形水窖 有限元 结构优化 

分 类 号：TU991.14[建筑科学—市政工程]