四种常用的全球1km土地覆盖数据中国区域的精度评价  

Accuracy Evaluation of the Four Remote Sensing Based Land Cover Products over China

作　　者：冉有华[1] 李新[1] 卢玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所寒旱区遥感与信息资源实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2009年第3期490-500,共11页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40871190);中国科学院资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室2008年开放研究基金项目;中国科学院创新团队国际合作伙伴计划"干旱区内陆河流域水问题基础研究"(CXTD-Z2005-2)资助

摘　　要：精确的全球及区域土地覆盖数据是陆地表层过程研究的重要基础.对数据质量的了解与数据本身同等重要,定量的数据精度评估不仅是对数据本身包含信息的丰富,而且对有助于发现问题,从而促进土地覆盖制图方法的发展.基于一个新的分类系统(森林、灌木草地、农田、裸地、城市、湿地和水体),以中国1∶10万土地利用数据为参考数据,从类型面积一致性、空间一致性两方面对4种全球土地覆盖数据集在中国区域的分类精度进行了评价,包括美国地质调查局为国际地圈-生物圈计划的全球土地覆盖数据集(IGBPDISCover);美国马里兰大学的全球土地覆盖数据集(UMd);欧盟联合研究中心(JRC)空间应用研究所(SAI)的2000年全球土地覆盖数据产品(GLC2000);MODIS 2000年的土地覆盖数据产品(MOD12Q1).并对4种土地覆盖产品误差的空间和类型分布进行了分析.结果表明:在4种土地覆盖分类产品中,GLC2000和MODIS土地覆盖数据有更高的整体分类精度,IGBP数据的整体分类精度次之,但是3种数据在局部都存在明显的分类错误;UMd的分类精度整体最低.通过对4种数据分类精度的空间和类型分布规律的分析,认为4种数据都不能很好的满足陆地表层过程模拟的需要.建议发展土地覆盖类型决策融合方法,将现存多源土地覆盖分类信息融合起来,制备更高精度的中国土地覆盖分类图.Precise global/regional land cover mapping is foundational data in the studies of land surface processes and modelling. The quantitative assessments of the map quality and classification accuracy for the available land cover maps will help to improve the accuracy of land cover mapping in future. Four land cover data sets over China are compared and evaluated. The data sets include Version 2 global land cover dataset of IGBP, the MODIS Land cover map 2001, global land cover map produced by the University of Maryland, and the land cover map from Global Vegetation Monitoring unit of the European Commission Joint Research Centre （GLC2000）. The four maps have different classification systems, which makes the comparison difficult. It is necessary to aggregate these maps by reclassifying them using a unified legend system. A large scale, i.e. 1 ： 100 000 land cover map of China was used as the reference data to validate the four maps. The results show that the GLC2000 land cover map has the highest accuracy. But it has obvious rating error locally and its rating accuracy is zero for wetland. The MODIS land cover map ranks second for type area consistency and ranks third for sub fraction overall accuracy as compared with reference data, which may be affect by local rating error. The IGBP land cover map hast good rating accuracy though it has a local rating error and third consistency for type area. The rating accuracy and type area consistency with reference data of UMD land cover map is low wholly. It is believed that the accuracies of all the datasets can not meet the requirement of land surface modelling. Addition, an information fusion strategy is proposed to produce a higher accuracy land cover map of China, whose classification system should be compatible with the well--accepted classification system used in land surface modelling.

关 键 词：土地覆盖 土地利用 遥感 精度评价 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]