不同年限栽培桔梗生长发育差异的比较研究  

Comparison Differences of Growing and Developing for Different Planting Years of Radix Platycodonis

作　　者：王志芬[1] 单成钢[1] 苏学合[1] 闫树林[1] 朱连先 

机构地区：[1]山东农科院中草药核技术与航天育种研究中心山东农科院原子能农业应用研究所,山东济南250100 [2]蒙阴县农科所,山东蒙阴276200

出　　处：《现代中药研究与实践》2009年第4期10-13,共4页Research and Practice on Chinese Medicines

基　　金：山东良种产业化工程项目。(2005L208-02)

摘　　要：目的探讨不同栽培年限桔梗生长发育与药材质量形成规律的差异。方法选择同一农家品种不同年限的种苗,小区种植,田间调查,收获后室内考种统产,测定总皂苷含量。结果一年生桔梗生育期比二年生和三年生桔梗延长40d左右,其中由出苗到现蕾延长46d,由开花到成熟缩短8d左右。随着年限的增加,桔梗的分支数、株高、主茎叶片数、根粗、根重显著增加,叶长和叶宽则减小,根的质地结构更加紧密,总皂苷含量显著提高。结论桔梗的生长发育、药材产量与质量的形成具有明显的阶段性。Objective To find different of the crude drug quality and growth pattern with different planting years on cultivated Radix Platycodonis. Methods Seeds and one-year old seedlings and two-years old seedlings, which come from a folk cultivar, were chosen and grew in three plots of field under the rain-cultivated conditions. The some characteristics of plant were measured during growth and development period. The root yield and total saponin content of samples after being harvested and treated were measured respectively. Results The growth and development period of one-year old plant was through 172 days and about 40 days more than that of two or three-year old plant, in which the stage from seedling to bud emergence was 46 days more than that of two or three-year old plant, and the stage from flowering to ripening was 8 days less than that of two or three-year old plant. The branching number and plant height and main stem leaf number rose with the ages as well as root diameter and root weight, significantly. On the contrary, the leaf length and width decreased a little with the ages. The texture from one-year old root to two-year or three-year old root hardened significantly, meanwhile, the total saponin content of it increased distinctively. Conclusion The phases on growth and development of cultivated Radix Platycodonis appeared distinctively, along together its formation of yield and quality.

关 键 词：桔梗 年限 生育期 根重 质地 桔梗皂苷 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]