地面覆盖对日光温室黄瓜地温、耗水量和产量的影响  

Effects of Soil Surface Mulching on Soil Temperature,Cucumber Water Consumption and Yields in Solar Greenhouse

作　　者：李振东[1] 王树忠[2] 王倩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [2]北京市农业推广站,北京100101

出　　处：《华北农学报》2009年第B08期312-315,共4页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD01A02;006BAD17B04);北京市教委项目(XK100190553)

摘　　要：通过地膜和小麦秸秆覆盖,研究日光温室中地面覆盖对黄瓜地温、耗水量及产量的影响。结果表明,地面覆盖可提高黄瓜全生育期的土壤温度、降低黄瓜耗水量、提高土壤水分渗漏率和产量。地膜覆盖提高不同土层温度1℃以上,秸秆覆盖在前期能提高地温0.1℃以上,在后期秸秆覆盖则降低了土壤温度0.5℃以上;地膜覆盖与秸秆覆盖耗水量分别降低22.5%,16.2%,水分渗漏率分别提高3.73%,9.64%,产量分别提高19.33%,11.04%。因此,日光温室内地面覆盖是一项增产、提高水分利用效率重要农艺技术,其中地膜覆盖效果最佳。Effects of soil surface mulching（wheat straw mulching, plastic film mulching） on water consumption, yields and soil temperature of cucumber were studied in solar greenhouse by field tests. The results showed that, compared with the control, soil surface mulching increased soil temperature, decreased cucumber water consumption, and inctreased the rate of soil water deep drainage and yield. Plastic film mulching increased temperature of different soil layers above 1 ℃, and wheat straw increased soil temperature of different soil layers above 0.1 ℃ in early stage, while it decreased soil tem- perature of both layers above 0.5 ℃ in late stage;Soil surface mulching decreased water consumption which was respec- tively reduced 22.5% and 16.2% by plastic film wheat straw;soil surface mulching increased the rate of soil water deep drainage, which was respectively increased 9.64 % and 3.73 % by plastic film and wheat straw;soil surface mulching in- creased the yield of cucumber,which was respectively increased 19.33% and 11.04% by plastic film and wheat straw. In conclusion, soil surface mulching was an important agricultural technology in increasing yield and heightening water us- ing efficiency and the effect of plastic film mulching was best.

关 键 词：黄瓜 日光温室 地面覆盖 地温 耗水量 产量 

分 类 号：Q948.3[生物学—植物学]