空气锤钎头现状及发展趋势  

Development of Air Hammer Bit

作　　者：朱海燕[1] 张然[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院,成都610500

出　　处：《石油矿场机械》2009年第9期16-20,共5页Oil Field Equipment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50474040);中石化技术开发项目"巴麦优快钻井技术研究"(GYKY200725)

摘　　要：空气钻井用空气锤钎头(常称平底钻头)是以冲击破岩为主、旋转为辅联合作用破岩钻进的。对国内外空气锤钎头进行了分析,阐述了空气锤钎头的种类、齿形、工作端面以及流道结构的发展现状,提出了增强硬质合金齿和双弧度面齿、3喷嘴大排屑槽流道结构、保径齿和防钎头掉落卡套结构,以适应于各种地层;并采用计算机仿真方法用于空气锤钎头的研究,为空气锤钎头的结构优化设计和新型空气锤钎头的研制提供一定指导。Air hammer bit called percussion bit or flatter face bit is a kind of bit, which impacts together with rotates to break rock. Based on the analysis of Air hammer bit, the developing actuality of the kind of bit, tooth profile, work end face and mechanics of flow channel were introduced. The development tendency of bit was proposed, which were the usage of Polycrystalline Diamond Carbide Bit （PCD） and double-dome carbide teeth, the mechanics of flow channel is of three nozzles and large junk slots, the usage of gauge teeth and the mechanics of protect retainer ring, bits adapt to all kinds of layers and computer simulation methods applied to the research on bit, which can offer the references to the optimal design of the air hammer bit.

关 键 词：空气锤钎头 破岩机理 结构 发展趋势 

分 类 号：TE921.1[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]