蓝田冶炼厂周边农田土壤重金属复合污染分析评价  

Analysis and evaluation of the characteristics of heavy metals contaminating farmland soil around Lantian Smelter

作　　者：张素娟[1] 肖玲[1] 关帅朋[1] 张耀华[1] 张军[1] 程冬鸽[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2009年第5期265-270,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(3937055;39670586)

摘　　要：为了解粗铅冶炼活动对周边土壤的污染情况，防止重金属再污染和修复改良已污染土壤，对蓝田冶炼厂周边农田土壤中重金属含量的空间分布规律进行初步分析，并运用单项污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指敬法对该区重金属污染水平进行评价。结果表明：水平方向上，距冶炼厂100m处的表层土壤中Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd四种重金属的含量最高，分别达1341．693、188．877、251．015、21．810mg/kg，依次为国家土壤环境质量二级标准的3．833、0．630、2．510、36．349倍。随着距离的增大，重金属含量大体都呈现出先上升、后下降最后趋于稳定的分布状况；剖面土壤中，重金属含量从表层到深层递减，0～35cm范围各层含量变化幅度较大，35cm以下基本上趋于稳定。从综合污染指数来看，表层土壤和剖面土壤各样点的综合污染指数均远大于3，说明该区农田土壤已处于重度复合污染状态。To understanding the soil pollution of smelting, the spatial distribution characteristics of the heavy metals content in farmland soils around the Lantian Smelter were studied, and the heavy metal pollution level was evaluated with pollution index method, providing a basis for preventing future contamination of heavy metals and remediating soil pollution. The results showed that at horizontal directions the highest content of Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd were up to 1 341.693 mg/kg, 188.877 mg/kg, 251.015 mg/kg and 21.810 mg/kg, and were 3.833, 0.630, 2.510 and 36.349 times that of the national soil environment quality standard（level 2） in the topsoil 100 meters from a smelter, respectively. The content of these four heavy metals in topsoil first rose, then declined, and finally tend to steady with the increasing distance between sampling spot and the smelter. Heavy metal content decreased with soil depth in profile soil, and it decreased significantly in the layers of 0 - 35 cm, while changed smoothly under 35cm soil layers. In regard to combined pollution index, all the sampling spots in topsoil and profile soil were far over 3, which indicated that this area has been severely polluted.

关 键 词：冶炼厂 农田 重金属 分布规律 污染评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]