8种野生百合染色体数目的变异  

Chromosomal Numerical Variations in Eight Species of Genus Lilium

作　　者：荣立苹[1] 雷家军[1] 毕晓颖[1] 高玉福[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学,沈阳110161 [2]延边大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2009年第9期48-50,共3页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅项目(202053092)

摘　　要：利用染色体根尖压片法对原产我国的卷丹（Lilium lancifolium Thunb．）、毛百合（L.dauricum Ker-Gawl．）、朝鲜百合（L．amabile Palib．）、兰州百合（L．davidii Duchvat．unicolor Salisb．）、大花卷丹（L．leichtlinii Hook．f.var．maximowiczii Baker）、有斑百合（L．concolor Salisb．var．buschianum（Lodd．）Baker）、细叶百合（L．pumilum DC．）、垂花百合（L.cernuum Komar．）8种（变种）野生百合的染色体数目进行了观察研究。结果表明，除卷丹是三倍体（2n=3x=36）外，其他种均为二倍体（2n=2x=24）。8种百合属植物的根尖细胞均不同程度地发生了染色体数目变异，二倍体种均出现了染色体数目的非整倍性变异，有少于或多于正常体染色体数的22、25、26条染色体，其所占比例为2％～10％；观察到三倍体卷丹存在非整倍性变异和整倍性变异，出现了少于或多于正常体染色体数的34、37条染色体，其所占比例约为9％，而出现单倍体细胞（2n=x=12）的频率约为2％。三倍体卷丹中出现单倍体细胞为首次报道。在毛百合、兰州百合、有斑百合、细叶百合、卷丹5种百合的体细胞中观察到B染色体。An experiment was conducted to observe the chromosome number of eight species of the genus Lilium, including Lilium lancifolium Thunb. , L. dauricum Ker-Gawl. , L. amabile Palib. , L. davidii Duch var. unicolor Salisb. , L. leichtlinii Hook . f. var. maximowiczii Baker, L. corwolor Salisb. var. buschianum （ Lodd. ） Baker, L. pumilum DC. , and L. cernuum Komar. , using root tip squash technique. Results showed that L. lancifolium was triploid （2n =3x =36） and the oth er species were diploid （2n = 2x = 24）. The variations in chromosomal number were observed in the root-tip ceils of all species. Tlle aneuploid variation of chromosome number （2n = 2x = 22, 25, 26） in the cells was found in all seven diploid species （2n = 2x = 24）, accounting for two percent to ten percent of the total ceils. The dysploid variation of chromosome numbers （2n = 3x = 34, 37 ） in the cells was observed in the triploid species L. lancifolium, occupying nine percent, while the aneuploid variation of chromosome number （2n = x = 12） in the cells was also found, taking up two percent. The haploid ceU of L. larwifolium was reported for the first time. B-chromosome was observed in L. dauricum, L. davidii var. unicolor, L. concolor var. buschianum, L. pumilum, and L. lancifolium.

关 键 词：百合属 染色体数目 变异 B染色体 

分 类 号：S682.2[农业科学—观赏园艺]