花烛叶色嵌合体不同生长阶段叶色性状的保持特征  

Characteristics of Leaf Color Maintenance during Different Growth Phases in Leaf Color Chimeras of Anthurium andreaeanum cv 'Sonate'

作　　者：陈星旭[1] 张琪[1] 王广东[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《植物研究》2009年第5期565-570,共6页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30871725)

摘　　要：对20个花烛叶色嵌合体株系在不同生长阶段的叶色性状保持特征进行观察,并通过计算机程序辅助分析发现:离体培养阶段,植株嵌合叶片总数占总叶片数的比率及平均单株非绿色部分占总叶面积的比率均为最高,分别为81%和50.1%,两项数值分别高于温室生长阶段新生嵌合叶数占新生叶片总数的比率(46.2%)及新生叶片非绿色部分占新生叶片总面积的比率(23.0%);移栽后,叶片非绿色部分比率超过50%的9个株系中有7个不能正常生长而死亡,所剩13个株系的新生叶片嵌合叶数减少,非绿色部分面积比率缩小,叶片趋向转为绿色;施用营养液后,5个株系的新叶非绿色部分面积比率回升。这些现象表明:营养条件充分有利于嵌合株系花叶性状的保持;嵌合株系中非绿色部分面积大于50%的株系生活力弱,不宜过早移栽;在茎尖分生组织形成叶原基的过程中,可能存在正常细胞与突变细胞的竞争,其结果是一方取代另一方或二者达到动态平衡。After continual observation and computer program assistant analysis of variegation on 20 different leaf color chimeral plantlets of Anthurium andreaeanum cv ＇ Sonate＇ during 3 different growth phases, we found that in tissue culture condition both ratio of chimeral leaf quantities to all plantlet leaf quantities and ratio of nongreen part to total leaf areas per plantlet were the highest, respectively at 81% and 50.1%. After transplanting to greenhouse, 7 of 9 plantlets with non-green part over 50% could not naturally grow and gradually perish, furthermore, quantities of new variegated leaves were reduced, ratio of chimeral leaf quantities and ratio of nongreen part decreased, respectively at 46.2% and 23.0%. New leaves tended to present full green. However, ratio of non-green part increased in 5 plantlets after using nutritional liquid. All these phenomena indicated that ： plenteous nutrition is better for variegation maintenance, it is difficult to live chimeral plantlet with non-green part over 50% and competition between wild type cells and mutant cells must exist in shoot apical meristem during leaf primordium formation, and the result of which is reciprocal substitution or achieving active balance.

关 键 词：花烛 叶色嵌合体 营养水平 花叶比率 叶色保持 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]