免耕施肥对稻田甲烷与氧化亚氮排放及其温室效应的影响  

Effects of no-tillage and fertilization on paddy soil CH_4 and N_2O emissions and their greenhouse effect in Central China

作　　者：代光照[1,2] 李成芳[1] 曹凑贵[1] 展茗[1] 通乐嘎[1] 梅少华 翟中兵 范端阳 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学农业部华中作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,武汉430070 [2]恩施州烟草专卖局,湖北恩施445000 [3]武穴市农业局,湖北黄冈435400 [4]武穴市大法寺镇农业技术推广服务中心,湖北黄冈435400

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2009年第9期2166-2172,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重大科技专项(2004BA520A02)资助

摘　　要：2008年采用静态箱-气相色谱法对鄂东南免耕不施肥(NT0)、翻耕不施肥(CT0)、免耕施肥(NTC)和翻耕施肥(CTC)4种处理下稻田CH4和N2O的排放进行测定.结果表明:各处理CH4排放均呈先升高后降低的季节性规律,而N2O排放的季节性规律不明显;施肥显著提高了稻田CH4和N2O的排放.与翻耕不施肥相比,免耕不施肥显著提高了CH4的排放量,并显著降低了N2O的排放量;与翻耕施肥相比,免耕施肥仅略降低了CH4的排放量和略提高了N2O的排放量.对稻田CH4和N2O两种气体的综合温室效应分析表明,与翻耕不施肥相比,免耕不施肥的综合温室效应提高了25.9%,与翻耕施肥相比,免耕施肥的综合温室效应降低了10.1%.因此,合理的肥料运筹和稻田免耕技术可降低两种气体的综合温室效应.By using static chamber-gas chromatographic techniques, the CH4 and N20 emissions from the paddy soil in southeast Hubei were measured. Four treatments were installed, i. e. , notillage plus no-fertilization （NTo ）, conventional tillage plus nofertilization （CT0 ）, no-tillage plus fertilization （NTC）, and conventional tillage plus fertilization （CTC）. In all treatments, the CH4 emission had a seasonal variation of increasing first and decreasing then, while the N2O emission had no significant seasonal variation. Fertilization increased the CH4 and N：O emissions significantly. NT0 increased the CH4 emission and decreased the N2O emission significantly, compared with CT0; NTC only decreased the CH4 emission and increased the N20 emission slightly, compared with CTC. The analysis on the integrated greenhouse effect of CH4 and N20 showed that NTo increased the effect by 25.9%, compared with CTo, while NTC decreased the effect by 10. 1%, compared with CTC. Therefore, a reasonable arrangement of fertilization and no-tillage could reduce the integrated greenhouse effect of CH4 and N20 from paddy field.

关 键 词：免耕 稻田 CH4 N2O 温室效应 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]