生物结皮对铜尾矿废弃地土壤微生物量及酶活性的影响  

Effects of bio-crust on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities in copper mine tailings

作　　者：陈政[1] 阳贵德[1] 孙庆业[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学生命科学学院安徽省生态工程与生物技术重点实验室,合肥230039

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2009年第9期2193-2198,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(070415208);国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2006AA06Z359)资助

摘　　要：生物结皮是铜尾矿废弃地自然原生演替的最初阶段.本研究以铜陵杨山冲铜尾矿库和铜官山新铜尾矿库为对象,采用熏蒸浸提和化学分析法研究了两尾矿库不同类型生物结皮下土壤微生物量C、N及脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶和脲酶活性.结果表明:铜尾矿废弃地上的生物结皮能够显著提高表层尾矿中的微生物量和土壤酶活性,其中藻类结皮对土壤微生物量C、N的影响高于藓-藻混合结皮,藓类结皮的影响最小;随着土壤生物结皮类型的变化,土壤微生物区系也随之变化;各类生物结皮下表层尾矿中土壤酶活性无显著差异.相关分析表明,碱性磷酸酶活性与土壤微生物量、脱氢酶和脲酶活性呈显著正相关,但与土壤pH呈显著负相关.此外,藓类植物假根能够显著提高藓类结皮假根层的微生物量和酶活性.Bio-crust is the initial stage of natural primary succession in copper mine tailings, With the Yangshanchong and Tongguanshan copper mine tailings in Tong, ling City of Anhui Province as test objects, this paper studied the soil microbial biomass C and N and the activities of dehydrogenase, catalase, alkaline phosphatase, and urease under different types of bio-crust. The bio-crusts improved the soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities in the upper layer of the tailings markedly. Algal crust had the best effect in improving soil microbial biomass C and N, followed by mossalgal crust, and moss crust. Soil microflora also varied with the type of bio-crust. No significant difference was observed in the soil enzyme activities under the three types of bio-crust. Soil alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly positively correlated with soil microbial biomass and dehydrogenase and urease activities, but negatively correlated with soil pH. In addition, moss rhizoidcould markedly enhance the soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities in moss crust rhizoid.

关 键 词：铜尾矿 原生演替 生物结皮 土壤微生物量 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]