激发子物质处理富士苹果果实后抗轮纹病病菌侵染的研究  

Induction of defensive response against Botryosphaeria berengriana f.sp.piricola by four elicitors in harvested Fuji apple fruit

作　　者：刘志[1,2,3] 张华磊[1,2] 谢兴斌[1,2] 束怀瑞[1,2] 郝玉金[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学作物生物学国家重点实验室 [2]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018 [3]辽宁省果树科学研究所,辽宁熊岳115009

出　　处：《果树学报》2009年第5期666-670,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家863计划(2006AA100108-4-12-3);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-06-607);山东省良种工程项目;辽宁省重点实验室专项资金[辽科发(2005)36号]

摘　　要：富士苹果果实经硝普钠(SNP)、茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)、水杨酸(SA)和氯化钙处理后再接种轮纹病菌,各个处理均能不同程度地防止轮纹病菌的侵染和扩展,其中MeJA和SNP处理效果最明显,烂果率和烂果面积分别比对照减少26.7%、26.7%和41.6%、36.2%。另外,还对各处理果实的PAL、SOD、POD和PPO活性变化进行了分析,结果表明,接种轮纹病菌的72h内,4个处理的PAL和PPO活性均表现出先升后降的趋势,而SOD和POD活性变化除SA处理一直保持平稳波动上升外,其余3个处理也表现为先升后降趋势;各处理的PAL和POD峰值出现的时间均早于SOD和PPO。PAL、POD和PPO活性峰值和平均值均以MeJA处理最高,SOD活性峰值和平均值SNP处理最高。Four treatments on Fuji apple fruit with different elicitors involving methyl jasmonate （MeJA）, sodium nitroprusside （SNP）, salicylic acid （SA） and calcium chloride were used to determine the induction of defensive responses. The resuhs showed that there was a significant reduction in disease incidence and lesion diameter when apple fruit were treated with solutions containing different elicitors. Among the 4 elicitors, MeJA and SNP showed the best result in reducing decay incidence and lesion diameter in apple fruit by 26.7%, 26.7% and 41.6%, 36.2% respectively, compared with the control. The results also indicated that all the elicitors significantly enhanced the activity of the defense-related enzymes, such as phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL）, peroxidase （POD）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）and polyphenol oxidase （PPO）. Within 72 h after inoculation, the changes of PAL and PPO of 4 treatments showed the similar tendency, i.e. reached maximum followed by a decrease. SOD and POD activity kept a stable rising trend in SA treatments,while SOD and POD increased firstly then decreased afterwards in other three treatments. The peak values of PAL and POD activity occurred earlier than those of SOD and PPO under 4 treatments. The peak and average values of PAL, POD and PPO activity appeared in MeJA treatment, while SOD in SNP treatment.

关 键 词：苹果轮纹病菌 激发子 防御酶 苹果果实 抗性 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]