定点采样法估算氯乙烯作业工人8小时时间加权平均浓度  

Estimation of TWA of Vinyl Chloride Exposed Workers from the Results by Area Sampling

作　　者：郑颖佳[1] 钟日海[1] 邬春华[1] 谭红汕[1] 王琪[1] 夏昭林[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2009年第5期285-289,共5页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30671740);上海市公共卫生重点学科建设计划基金(08GW2X0402);上海市公共卫生优秀学科带头人培养计划基金(08GWD12)

摘　　要：目的 比较定点采样法估算时间加权平均浓度（TWA）和个体实测8小时时间加权平均浓度（8h—TWA），探讨有效估算作业工人个体接触水平的方法。方法从2008年12月2～21日连续3周对某聚氯乙烯厂3个氯乙烯相关车间同时进行作业场所定点采样和作业工人的8h连续个体采样，应用二硫化碳解析-气相色谱法检测空气中氯乙烯浓度。将定点采样结果结合作业工人活动时间间接估算8hTWA，并与个体采样实测TwA比较分析。结果作业场所空气中氯乙烯浓度和作业工人8hTwA均低于国家职业卫生标准；应用定点采样估算的TWA值是个体采样实测值的1．33～5．19倍；估测值和实测值之间存在一定的线性关系（R=0．661，P〈0．01），可以用回归方程Log（8h—TWA实测值）=0．890×Log（8hTWA估测值）-0．453，R^2=0．437来估算作业工人实际TWA。结论当8h—TWA实测值范围在0．17～12．51mg／m^3时，本研究中所得的回归方程可以用于估测该厂3个车间冬季氯乙烯个体接触水平。Objective To compare the estimated TWA from the results obtained by area sampling with the TWA measured by personal sampling and explore the effective method for estimating workers＇personal exposure level. Methods Area sampling and personal sampling were simultaneously carried out in three vinyl chloride monomer（VCM）related workshops of a PVC factory successively for three weeks in Dec. 2 -21, 2008. Airborne VCM collected on active carbon was desorbed by carbon disulfide and analyzed by GC. The concentrations obtained by area sampling were cooperated with the time of workers＇activities to obtain indirect estimation of TWAs, which were compared with the TWAs obtained from personal sampling. Results Both the VCM concentrations of workplaees and TWAs were below the Occupational Exposure Limit of VCM. The TWAs estimated from the results by area sampling were 1.33 -5.19 times higher than those measured by personal sampling. A linear correlation existed between the estimated values and the measured values（R= 0. 661 ,P〈0. 001）. The workers＇real exposed TWA could be estimated by the regression equation Log（TWA measured） = 0. 890 Log （TWA estimated） - 0. 453, R^2 = 0. 437. Conclusions When the measured TWA ranges from 0.17 to 12.51 mg/m^3 , the regression equation obtained in this study could be applied to estimate the personal exposure level in these three workshops of this PVC factory in winter.

关 键 词：氯乙烯 定点采样 个体采样 8小时时间加权平均浓度(8h-TWA) 

分 类 号：R134.4[医药卫生—劳动卫生]