基于TM影像的内蒙古达茂旗草地景观格局动态分析  

Dynamic Analysis of Landscape Pattern of Grassland in Damao Banner of Inner Mongolia Based on TM Images

作　　者：王安琪[1] 刘桂香[2] 李小娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048 [2]中国农业科学院草原研究所/农业部草原资源与生态重点开放实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2009年第5期30-36,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：科技部社会公益研究专项"荒漠草原区植物资源及生态环境监测评价"(2004DIB3J094);中国农业科学院草原研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项:荒漠草原分布界限变迁及其驱动机制研究

摘　　要：基于遥感影像、地理信息系统和地面调查数据,以内蒙古达茂旗为研究区域,对1988年、2002年的TM遥感影像进行综合解译,得到两个时期达茂旗地区景观类型分布图,在此基础上应用景观生态学研究方法,对内蒙古达茂旗景观格局及动态变化进行分析。结果表明:内蒙古达茂旗景观以草地为主体,其中北部以平原丘陵荒漠草原的针茅草原为主体,农田、林地等人工植被面积较小且主要分布在研究区的南部。研究区景观类型多样,景观分布均匀,但各景观中斑块数量多,斑块破碎度较大。与20世纪80年代相比,2002年草地景观面积减少,景观斑块数量减少,破碎度降低,斑块形状更加规则;林地和水域斑块数量减少,面积大幅度下降;沙漠化草地面积增加。Based on remote sensing images, geographic information system and ground survey data in Damao Banner of Inner Mongolia and through interpreting TM images in 1988 and 2002 maps of landscape of Damao Banner in 1988 and 2002 were got. Furthermore, with the research method of landscape ecology, the patterns and dynamic changes of landscape of Damao Banner were analyzed. The result showed that grassland is the major landscape in Damao Banner. And Stipa grassland of plain hill desert steppe occupied most of the north area. The artificial vegetation, such as farmland and forest land, located in the south area, and has smaller area than grassland. The landscape types are multiple and distribute uniformly. But the patch numbers is large, and landscape fragmentation is high. Compared with the 80s of 20th century, the area of grassland decreased. Patch numbers decreased, and the degree of fragmentation reduced, so the patch shape became more regular than before. The patch numbers of forest land and water decreased and their areas sharply decreased. The area of desertification increased.

关 键 词：草地类型 景观格局 遥感解译 动态分析 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]