南极拉斯曼丘陵莫愁湖和团结湖水中有机物剖析  

ON THE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN WATER OF MOCHOU AND HEART LAKE IN LARSEMANN HILLS,ANTARCTICA

作　　者：李植生[1] 陈旭东[1] 张银华[1] 梁小民[1] 王骥[1] 粱彦龄[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所

出　　处：《极地研究》1998年第2期83-93,共11页Chinese Journal of Polar Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：本文给出了南极莫愁湖和团结湖水中有机物信息。在湖水中获得的１２１个化学组分中确定出９３个有机化合物，其中包括正构烷烃、类异戊二烯烷烃、芳烃、多环芳烃、醇、醛、酮、酯、脂肪酸类及酞酸酯类等。其含量在０．０２７～４．７９μｇ／Ｌ之间。湖水中检测出全球性有机物６６６、ＤＤＴ和ＰＣＢｓ，浓度在０．０１２～０．３５６μｇ／Ｌ。ater samples of 100 liters were absorbed with XAD2 and XAD4 resin columns,eluted with organic solvents and concentrated to 0.3 mL. The extracts were detected by GC/MS and GC,and 93 compounds were identified.They are nalkane,lipid isopentadiene alkane,polycyclic aromatic,aromatic, carboxylic acid, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, esters, phthalic esters, organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls. The concentration of organic substances varied in the range of 0.027 and 4.79 μg/L.The nalkanes were distributed in a series of carbon numbers from C10 and C26,Maximum peak of carbon was C11 and C22 in the lakes respectively with a strong evenodd predommauc.The ratio of pristane to phytane may be used to judge the oxidation or reduction in aquatic environment.The monocarboxylic acid is distributed in C12∶0,C14∶0,C16∶0 and the dominant carboxylic acid was the straight chained C12∶0(Decanoic acid).The distribution indicated that the sources of organic substances are mainly derived from organism.Content of Benzoic acid methylester is the highest in the organic substances and the concentrations are 4.79 and 3.28 μg/L in two waters respectively.Three kinds of phthalic esters,dibutyl phthalate,diisobutyl phthalate and diisooctyl phthalate were found and the concentrations are in the range of 0.071 and 0.597 μg/L.Organochlorine pesticides (666,DDT) and Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) in water samples of Mochou Lake and Heart Lake were also analyzed. The results show that the concentrations are in range of 0.012 and 0.356 μg/L 666,DDT and PCBs were detected. Even though the concentrations are low,it means that some global pollutants have more or less exerted their influence on the Antarctic environment.

关 键 词：南极 拉斯曼丘陵 莫愁湖 团结湖 有机物 污染物 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P343.3[天文地球—水文科学]