德瓦尔论黑猩猩的政治智慧  

Frans De Waal’s Thoughts on Chimpanzee’s Strategies for Power Struggle and Political Wit

作　　者：赵芊里[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学国际文化学院,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《长江师范学院学报》2009年第5期109-113,共5页Journal of Yangtze Normal University

基　　金：浙江省教育厅人文社会科学研究规划项目(20070043)

摘　　要：德瓦尔关于黑猩猩的权斗策略与政治智慧的观点主要有:一、权力斗争的基础是测试双方的力量对比状况;测试的途径主要是试探性的挑战,黑猩猩所采用的试探性挑战的形式主要有停止"问候"、威胁、抗命及旁敲侧击等。二、权力斗争的核心是改变双方的力量对比关系,与第三方联合的结盟和破坏对方的联盟的离间是改变力量对比关系的基本途径,是决定权力斗争成败的关键;黑猩猩的联盟有开放式与封闭式的两种,黑猩猩所采用的离间方式有驱逐、隔离、威胁、惩罚、笼络或收买等。三、黑猩猩的政治智慧与人类的不相上下。Frans De Waal＇s main thoughts on chimpanzee＇ s strategies for power struggle and political wit can be generalized as following： 1. The base of power struggle is to test the power-balance of the two sides. The main means of the testing is the tentative challenges. The main forms of the tentative challenges applied by chimpanzee are stopping ＂greeting＂ , threatening, disobeying and beating about the bush, etc. 2. The key to power struggle is to change the power-balance between the two sides. The basic means for changing the power-balance is allying with a third party and separating interventions for destroying the opposing party＇ s alliance. There are two kinds of chimpanzee＇ separating interventions applied by chimpanzee buying off, etc. 3. The political wit of chimpanzee s alliance： the open ones and the closed ones. The forms of are driving away, isolating, threatening, punishing, lassoing or is almost equal to that of human.

关 键 词：德瓦尔 动物行为学 政治学 黑猩猩 权斗策略 政治智慧 力量对比 联盟 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系] G127.61[政治法律—政治学]