生物活性炭滤池中微生物生态特性研究  

Study on Ecological Characteristics of Microorganisms in Biological Activated Carbon Filter

作　　者：刘建广[1] 张春阳[2] 张晓健[3] 王占生[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,山东济南250101 [2]山东建筑大学热能学院,山东济南250101 [3]清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2009年第19期51-54,共4页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07422-004)

摘　　要：以微污染河水为原水进行了饮用水常规处理/生物活性炭滤池组合工艺试验,分别利用生物脂磷法和比耗氧速率法测定了生物活性炭滤池内的生物量和生物活性。结果表明,生物活性炭滤层中的生物量及生物活性沿水流方向逐渐减小,其中异养菌在滤层中不同高度处的生物量差异较小,硝化菌生物量沿滤层高度变化较大,沿水流方向急剧减小,这些变化均与滤层水中的可生物降解有机物及氨氮的基质营养水平有关。在进水氨氮与NO2--N浓度均较高的运行条件下,生物活性炭滤池的硝化反应完全,在滤层中硝酸菌对NO2--N的转化能力(以N计)大于亚硝酸菌对氨氮的转化能力,出水无NO2--N积累;当进水氨氮浓度较高时,硝化菌对溶解氧(DO)具有竞争优势,影响异养菌对有机物的去除。The combined process of conventional drinking water treatment technology and biological activated carbon filter was used to treat micro-polluted river water. The biomass and microbial activity in biological activated carbon filter were measured by the phospholipid analysis and the specific oxygen uptake rate. The results show that the biomass and microbial activity in the media layers decline along the direction of water flow. The biomass of heterotrophic bacteria is similar in each layer, the biomass of the nitrifying bacteria is different depending on the layer, and rapidly declines along the direction of water flow. The changes are related to biodegradable organic matters and NH4^＋ - N concentration in the water. When the influent NH4^ ＋- N and NO2^- - N concentrations are high, the nitrification in biological activated carbon filter is complete. The transformation capacity of nitrifying bacteria for NO2^- - N is higher than that of nitrosobaeteria for NH4^＋ - N in the media layers. NO2^- - N does not accumulate in the effluent of biological activated carbon filter. When the influent NH4^＋ - N concentration is high, the removal of organic matters by heterotrophic bacteria is affected because dissolved oxygen in water is consumed by nitrifying bacteria.

关 键 词：饮用水 生物活性炭 生物膜 硝化 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]