新疆汉族维吾尔族铅中毒儿童健康教育效果评价  

Health Education Toward Lead Poisoning Among Han and Uygur Children in Urumuqi

作　　者：赵江霞[1] 陈艳[1] 刘继文[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2009年第9期797-799,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研启动基金(编号:XJEDU2004S16);乌鲁木齐市科技局科研基金(编号:Y043211)

摘　　要：目的评价健康教育对儿童铅中毒的干预效果,为制定儿童铅中毒的防控措施提供依据。方法选取新疆汉族、维吾尔族血铅水平在100μg/L以上的学龄儿童204名进行有关铅中毒方面的知识、态度、信念、实践健康教育,干预的时间为5个月,随后再次填写KABP表并检测儿童血铅值。结果干预前铅中毒儿童家长对铅中毒防治知识的知晓率较低,90%家长在铅中毒防治态度方面持肯定态度;汉族、维吾尔族家长健康教育前后在铅中毒相关知识方面有比较明显的改善,血铅水平在健康教育前后变化很大,汉族儿童血铅平均水平下降40.40μg/L,维吾尔族儿童血铅平均水平下降61.00μg/L。健康教育前后变化具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论健康教育能有效降低轻、中度铅中毒儿童的血铅水平,可作为预防儿童铅中毒的常规手段之一。Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of health education on reducing lead poisoning, and to provide bases for the countermeasure. Methods KABP questionnaire survey and health education were given to 204 children （ Han 99, Uygur 105 ） whose blood lead level was over 100μg/L and their parents. At the beginning of the research, all the parents were asked to complete the KABP questionnaire, and after 5 months＇ intervention, they completed the questionnaire again and the ehildren＇s blood lead levels were tested. Results Before the intervention, the parents＇awareuess about lead poisoning was very low. In addition, over 90% parents held positive attitude towards the prevention and treatment. There was obvious improvement in parents and children after health education. The blood lead level was decreased by 40.40 μg/L（ P 〈 0.01 ） among Han children, and 61.00μg,/L among Uygur children （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion Health education could reduce the blood lead level,it is proved to be an effective approach for preventing children lead poisoning.

关 键 词：铅中毒 健康教育 健康知识 态度 实践 儿童 少数民族 维吾尔族 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G479[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]