鄂南地区油菜氮磷钾肥施用效果及推荐用量研究  

Effects of N,P and K Fertilizers on Rape and the Recommended Amount in South Hubei Province

作　　者：姚忠清 刘清荣 李慧[2] 丁粉花 廖汉斌 郭庆华 范启宇 

机构地区：[1]赤壁市土壤肥料工作站,湖北赤壁437300 [2]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2009年第9期34-37,共4页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重点项目(2008BADA4B08);国家测土配方施肥项目;国家油菜现代产业技术体系建设项目(nycytx-005)

摘　　要：采用"3414"试验设计方案,研究了不同氮磷钾施肥处理对油菜产量和经济效益的影响。结果表明:油菜施用氮肥效果最好,油菜最大增产量达1 564 kg/hm2,增产率110.8%,纯收入增加3 925元/hm2;施用磷肥的最大增产量为676 kg/hm2,增产率32.3%,纯收入增加1 274元/hm2;施用钾肥的最大增产量为305 kg/hm2,增产率12.4%,纯收入增加525元/hm2。通过拟合三元二次和一元二次肥效模型,确定油菜最高产量的N、P2O5和K2O施肥量分别为270.3 mg/kg、155.9 mg/kg和104.6 kg/hm2,最佳经济施肥量分别为222.1 kg/mg、115.1 kg/mg和36.0 kg/hm2。确定了赤壁市赤壁镇油菜施肥的最高产量和最经济产量方案,为鄂南地区油菜的最佳和最经济施肥提供参考。The effects of N, P and K fertilizers on the yield and economic benefit of rape in South Hubei Province were studied using the ＇3414＇ fertilizer efficiency experiment. The results showed that the maximum increment of rape was 1 564 kg/hm^2, 676 kg/hm^2 and 305 kg/hm^2, respectively, the increasing rate was 110. 8%, 32.3% and 12.4%, respectively, and the net income per hectare increased by 3 925 yuan, 1 274 yuan and 525 yuan, respectively by the treatment of N3P2K2, N2P3K2and N2P2K1, respectively. Based on the ternary quadratic and one-place quadratic fertilizer efficiency models, the application amount of N, P2O5 and K2O for maximum yield of rape was 270.3 kg/hm^2, 155.9 kg/hm^2 and 104. 6 kg/hm^2, respectively, and the the most economical application amount of N, P2O5 and K2O was 222. 1 kg/hm^2, 115. 1 kg/hm^2 and 36.0 kg/hm^2, respectively.

关 键 词：油菜 “3414”肥效试验 施肥模型 施肥量 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]