PCDL型超支化水性聚氨酯的合成与性能  

Synthesis and Properties of Hyperbranched Aqueous Polyurethane Based on Polycarbonatediol

作　　者：刘丹[1] 曾少敏[1] 姚畅[1] 陈爱芳[1] 徐祖顺[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北大学材料科学与工程学院 [2]湖北大学有机功能分子与应用教育部重点实验室,武汉430062

出　　处：《应用化学》2009年第9期1031-1035,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

基　　金：湖北省杰出人才基金资助项目(2004ABB003)

摘　　要：以甲苯-2，4-二异氰酸酯（TDI）、聚碳酸酯二醇（PCDL）、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）和二乙醇胺（DEOA）为原料，采用A2＋bB2共聚合路线合成了具有超支化结构的水性聚氨酯（HBAPU）乳液。采用红外光谱（FT-IR）、核磁共振（^13CNMR）测试技术对产物结构进行了表征，证实了超支化聚氨酯的支化度随n（NCO）／n（OH）比值的增大而增大。采用光子相关法（Photo Correlation Spectroscopy，PCS）、TG、电子拉力机对产物的性能进行了测试，同时也对胶膜的耐水性进行了测试。结果表明，HBAPU的粒径分布在15～65nm之间。当DMPA含量为0．4mmol/g时，HBAPU的粒径仅有20．6nm，而线性水性聚氨酯粒径有130．9nm。HBAPU的热分解温度为200oC，拉伸强度随n（NCO）／n（OH）的增大先增大后减小，最大可以达到33MPa。胶膜的耐水性良好，浸泡24h后，最大吸水率仅有4．3％。Hyperbranched aqueous polyurethane（HBAPU） was synthesized via A2 ＋ bB2 approach with 2,4- toluylene diisocyanate （ TDI ）, polycarbonatediol （PCDL） , dimethylol propionie acid （ DMPA ） and diethanol amine（DEOA） as materials. The structures of products were characterized by FT-IR and ^13C NMR. The results show that the degree of the branching （DB） of HBAPU increased with increasing the molar ratio of n（NCO）/n（OH）. The properties of the products were measured by photon correlation spectroscopy（PCS）, TG, and tensile tests. The water-resistant ability of the cast films were also investigated. The distribution of the particle sizes of HBAPU varied from 15 nm to 65 nm. The partical size of HBAPU was only 20. 6 nm when the content of DMPA was 0. 4 mmol/g, while it was 130. 9 nm for linear aqueous polyurethane at the sanee conditions. Meanwhile, the HBAPU exhibited a good heat resistance, the degradation temperature of the product was up to 200℃, the lap shear strength increased with increasing the molar ratio of n （ NCO）/ n（OH）, but it decreased when it reached to 33 MPa. The films showed a good water-resistance ability, the maximum water-swell（ % ） value was 4.3% even if the films were emerged in water for 24 h.

关 键 词：超支化 水性聚氨酯 合成 性能 

分 类 号：O631.5[理学—高分子化学]