广州市夏季微生物气溶胶细菌谱和粒径分布特征  

Community composition and granularity distribution of airborne bacteria in summer in Guangzhou

作　　者：宋超杰[1] 谭启明[1] 陈贤亮[1] 史蓉婕[1] 陈新宇[2] 

机构地区：[1]广州医学院 [2]广州医学院病原生物学教研室,广东广州510182

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2009年第10期1974-1977,共4页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.40332024);广东省卫生厅项目(No.B2007085);广州医学院学生课外科研

摘　　要：目的研究广州市市区不同功能区微生物气溶胶细菌谱和粒径分布特征。方法选择灰霾天气进行采样,采用分粒径采样对清洁区和人口密集区细菌气溶胶进行连续的种类、粒径、数量检测。结果在清洁区内共出现共8属15种空气细菌,其中革兰氏阳性菌4属10种,革兰氏阴性菌4属5种,革兰氏阳性菌占66.5%;在人口密集区共出现4属10种空气细菌,其中革兰氏阳性菌3属9种,革兰氏阴性菌1属1种,革兰氏阳性菌占88.9%。清洁区的优势细菌依次为里昂葡萄球菌(S.lugdunensis)、模仿葡萄球菌(S.simulans)、枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis);人口密集区的优势细菌依次为人葡萄球菌(S.hominis)、里昂葡萄球菌(S.lugdunensis)、模仿葡糖球菌(S.simulans)。清洁区和人口密集区的空气气溶胶粒径分布基本一致,其中77.6%～93.7%的细菌气溶胶颗粒分布在2～5级,相当于人的下呼吸道。人口密集区的细菌浓度明显高于清洁区的细菌浓度;两个地区在12:00时和17:00时两个时段的细菌浓度明显低于8:00时和23:00时。结论清洁区环境特征对细菌气溶胶能起到一定得抑制作用,为由细菌引起的呼吸道疾病的预防提供了良好的参考依据。Objective To survey the features of bacterium aerosol,its category,particle size. Methods Samples were collected in sanitary and dense residental areas of Guangzhou City during the overcast days. Results There 15 species out of 8 genera were identified in clean district,among which 10 species in 4 genera were Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 66.5% and the rest 5 species in 4 genera were Gram-negative ones; and in densly populated districts, 10 species of 4 genera were identified,with 9 species in 3 genera were Gram-positive ones accounted of 88.9% and 1 in rest 1 genus was Gram-negative one. The dominant baeteriaum groups in clean district were S.lugdunensis ,S.simulans and B.subtilis. The dominant bacterium groups in densely populated districts were S.hominis,S.lugdunensis and S.simulans. The size of bacterium aerosol in sanitary district was also most the same as in densely populated district , and 77.6%-93.7% of the airosol were classified as 2-5grades. Conclusion The bacterium concentration in densely populated district is igher than that of clean district and in both districts the bacterium concentrations are lower at 12：00 and 17：00 than that at 8：00 and 23：00.

关 键 词：细菌气溶胶 细菌谱 清洁区 人口密集区 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]