余庆县1986～2008年褐家鼠种群动态及繁殖特征分析  

Analysis on population dynamics and reproductive characteristics of Rattus norvegicus from 1986-2008 in Yuqing County

作　　者：郑元利[1] 杨再学[1] 胡支先[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省余庆县植保植检站,余庆564400

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2009年第4期294-297,共4页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：贵州省优秀科技教育人才省长专项资金资助项目"褐家鼠;高山姬鼠监测技术研究"[黔省专合字(2007)105号];遵义市"15851人才工程"第一层次培养人才在研项目资助[遵市15851人才办(2008)9号]

摘　　要：通过对贵州省余庆县1986～2008年褐家鼠种群动态和繁殖特征的变化规律进行研究。结果表明，褐家鼠主要分布于住宅区。是余庆县家栖鼠优势种，占总鼠数的85．14％。研究期间住宅区共捕获褐家鼠504只，种群总性比（♀／♂）0．98，平均捕获率1．53％，平均怀孕率20．40％，平均胎仔数7．33只，平均繁殖指数0．74，平均睾丸下降率27．95％。褐家鼠全年均可繁殖，每年在3月、6月、11月出现3个数量高峰期，在2～3月和10～11月出现2个繁殖高峰期。因此，每年3月和10月为最佳防治时期，毒饵站灭鼠技术是目前防治褐家鼠最好的方法之一。本研究同时还比较了国内其他地区褐家鼠种群动态和繁殖特征的变化规律，以期为其种群数量预测预报和防治提供科学依据。To provide a scientific basis for its population forecast and control, the law of population dynamics and reproduetion of Rattus norvegicus were investigated in Yuqing County, Guizhou Province during 1986 -2008 in the current study. Rattus norvegicus, the dominant and main species in residential areas, accounted for 85.14% of all rats. During the investigated period, a total of 504 Rattus norvegicus were captured in residential areas, and the sex ratio （ ♀/♂ ）, average catch rate, pregnant rate, litter size, reproductive index and rate of scrotal testis were 0.98, 1. 53% , 20.40% , 7.33, 0.74 and 27.95% , respectively. Rattus norveg/cus can reproduce throughout the year, and the number peak emerged in March, June and November. However, the reproductive peak period emerged in February - March and October -November. Therefore, March and October are the best capture period, the bait station technique is one of the best measures to minimize Rattus norvegicus population. Also, the change laws of population dynamics and reproductive characteristics of Rattus norvegicus were compared with that across the country.

关 键 词：褐家鼠 种群动态 繁殖特征 变化规律 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]