非机理性水质模型研究综述  

Overview on Research Methods for Non-mechanism Water Quality Model

作　　者：樊敏[1] 顾兆林[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学人居环境与建筑工程学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《环境科学与管理》2009年第9期63-67,共5页Environmental Science and Management

摘　　要：水对社会和经济的发展都起着不可估计的作用。保护和改善水环境问题已成为当前世界关注的一个焦点。虽然机理性水质模型能较精确地描述水污染过程中的物理、化学、生物化学的内在规律和相互联系,但是需要大量的模型参数和环境参数,而得到这些参数需要大量物力、财力,从而制约了这些模型在水环境中的应用。随着现代随机数学和统计学的发展,非机理性水质模型得到了广泛的应用;非机理性水质模型虽然是一种黑箱式方法,但因其针对某一特定的物质系统,通过数学统计或其他数学方法建立模型,模拟预测也得到了较好的效果。它们为水环境的综合整治和科学管理提供科学依据。最后综观水质模型的研究历史和应用前景,系统分析了水质模型的发展趋势。Water plays a significant role in the society and economy. Nowadays, conservation and improvemen to water environment had attracted close attenion throughout the world. Ahhrough the mechanism water quality models could explicitly describle the inherent laws and interrelations of in the water pollution process, and the relationship between these laws and physics, chemistry, biochemistry, they need a lot of model paramters and environmental parameters. What＇s more, they need substantial material and financical resources to obtain these parameters, which makes them have some limits to application for water environment. With the development of modem stochastic mathmatics and statistical methods, the non - mechanism water quality models have been widely applied in water environment. Although the non - mechanism water quality models are black - box ways, they often acquire satisfactory simulating and predicting results, because they built models aiming at specific water quality system by using statistical methods or other mathmafical methods. So they can provide scientific foundation for general regulation and scientific management. Finally, a comprehensive view on application prospect and analysis of development trend of the water quality model were made.

关 键 词：水质模型 非机理性水质模型 水环境 发展趋势 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]