太湖流域农业非点源污染优先识别区研究——以昆山为例  

Application of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Potential Index in Typical Area of Taihu:A Case Study in Kunshan City

作　　者：王小治[1] 王爱礼[1] 尹微琴[1] 郁志华 王德建[3] 封克[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学环境科学和工程学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]江苏昆山土壤肥料站,江苏昆山215300 [3]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2009年第9期1874-1879,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：江苏省科技厅太湖专项(BK2007737;BS2007164)

摘　　要：在现场调查和收集农业环境数据的基础上,通过地理信息系统及计算机等辅助手段,将已建立的农业非点源污染发生潜力评价系统(APPI)应用于县域范围,研究了昆山市11个城镇非点源污染负荷情况并识别出优先控制区。结果表明,昆山市非点源污染氮磷总排放量约为4.54×106kg·a-1,其中农田氮磷排放总量约为4.30×105kg·a-1,农村居民氮磷排放总量约为1.44×106kg·a-1,城镇居民氮磷排放总量约为1.36×106kg·a-1,畜禽氮磷排放总量约为1.31×106kg·a-1。昆山市农业非点源污染发生潜力最大的3个乡镇为千灯镇、张浦镇和淀山湖镇,并对各乡镇不同类型污染源的负荷做了分析。该评价系统在太湖地区县域范围有一定的推广价值,具体参数仍需进一步完善。The model of agricultural non- point source pollution potential index（APPI） was applied in Kunshan city, based on the field experiments and basic agro-environmental data with geographical information system. The load and its distribution of the agricultural non- point souree（NPS） pollution in Kunshan were studied. Results showed that total discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus was approximately 4.54×10^6kg·a^-1, to which fields, rural dwellers, town dwellers and livestock contributed about 4.30×10^5, 1.44×10^6, 1.36×10^6 and 1.31×10^6kg·a^-1, respectively. The critical areas identified for NPS control in Kunshan city were Qiandeng, Zhangpu and Dianshanhu where the APPI ranged the top three by total discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus. The model is suitable to judge the non-point source pollution in Taihu region although the parameters in the model need to be further modified.

关 键 词：农业非点源污染 潜力指数 太湖 地理信息系统 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]