疏浚及水生植被重建对太湖西五里湖沉积物有机质的影响  

Effect of Dredging and Re-establishment of Aquatic Macrophytes on Organic Matter in Sediments of West Wuli Hu of Taihu

作　　者：俞海桥 王俊川 邓家添 敖鸿毅[2] 方涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]厦门绿邦膜技术有限公司,福建厦门361101 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2009年第9期1903-1907,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家水专项(2008ZX07103-001)

摘　　要：通过现场采样及分析测定,研究了太湖西五里湖生态修复工程实施两年后,环保疏浚区、疏浚并水生植被重建区、退渔还湖区及对照区沉积物有机质及总氮含量的分布特征。结果表明,疏浚及植被重建均对湖泊沉积物中有机质含量的分布影响很大,尤其是疏浚基础上进行的水生植被重建。"干湖清淤"措施的实施极大地减少了湖泊表层沉积物的有机质含量,也减少了总氮的含量。疏浚并植被重建示范区的表层沉积物有机质含量年均值最高,垂直分布上看,水生植被重建区,夏秋季节水生植物的旺盛生长降低了沉积物中有机质的含量,而冬春季节,由于水生植物的枯萎、腐烂导致示范区沉积物中的有机质含量高于其他区域,大型水生植被的种植对沉积物有机质含量的作用显著,这需要引起重视。因此,在对富营养化湖泊进行生态修复措施后,对于种植了大型水生植被的区域,为减少水生植物携带的营养盐的沉积与再释放,应在这种释放作用发生之前对水生植物进行收刈。This research studied the characteristics of both organic matter and total nitrogen in sediments in different zones of West Wuli Hu of Taihu Lake after the dredging and re-establishment of aquatic macrophytes underwent two years. Dredging, dredging plus macrophytes reestablishment, retreated fishery（dry dredging） and conrol（no dredging） zones were investigated in different seasons. Compared with no dredging Zones, dredging and re-establishment of aquatic macrophytes had a great impact on the content of organic matter in sediments, especially for re-establishment of aquatic macrophytes following dredging. The dry dredging could significantly reduce the contents of both organic matter and total nitrogen in surface sediments, while the annual average content of organic matter in the surface sediments of dredging plus macrophytes reestablishment zone was higher than other areas. Dynamics of organic matter in sediments indicated that the rapid growth of aquatic macrophytes could decrease organic matter in summer and autumn, but increase it in winter and spring due to accumulation of their residues in sediments. The results indicated that the effect of aquatic macrophytes on the nutrition of sediments was significant, suggesting that these re-established aquatic macrophytes should be harvested prior to death in order to prevent them from releasing nutrition into both sediments and water column.

关 键 词：疏浚 水生植被重建 沉积物 有机质 季节性变化 垂直分布 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]