钻柱振动录井的研究现状及发展趋势  

Development of Drill String Vibration Logging

作　　者：宿雪[1,2] 葛洪魁[1] 杨微[1] 崔士波[1] 韩来聚[3] 魏茂安[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地球物理研究所,北京100081 [2]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东东营257061 [3]胜利石油管理局钻井工艺研究院,山东东营257017

出　　处：《石油钻探技术》2009年第5期15-19,共5页Petroleum Drilling Techniques

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划("863"计划)项目"随钻地震"(2006AA06A108)资助

摘　　要：钻进过程中钻头破岩会引起钻柱的轴向、横向和扭转振动,这种振动携带了井下钻头、所钻地层和钻柱的信息。利用在钻柱顶部测量的振动信号,监测井下钻具的工作状态,获取钻头下方地层特性的技术称之为钻柱振动录井。对钻柱振动录井技术的基本原理、钻柱振动特征、测量仪器、数据处理方法和存在的主要问题及发展趋势作了系统分析,认为:钻柱振动录井可用于井下工况监测、地层评价与钻前预测,具有很好的发展前景;钻柱的传播效应使井下振动信号发生了强烈畸变,发展钻柱振动录井的关键是引入新型信号分析方法,分离钻头、钻柱、地层信息,有前景的方法包括反褶积、小波分析、独立成分分析等;无线传输、多参数、多分量钻柱振动测量手段的应用将有助于信号分析和井下信息提取。The axial, lateral and torsional vibration of drill string caused by bit breaking rock duringdrilling contain information of the drill string, the drill bit and the formation. The drill string vibrationlogging is a new technology to monitor the working behavior of the downhole tools and predict the formation characteristics below the drill bit by analyzing the vibration measured on the top of the drill string. This paper outlines the fundamental principles of this technology, characteristics of drill string vibration,measuring instruments, data processing methods, the main problems and development trend. It has a good prospect for the downhole behavior monitoring, formation evaluation and the forecast prior to drilling. The propagation effect of the drill string distorted the downhole vibration signal seriously. Introduction of advanced signal processing method to separate the information of the drill bit, the drill string and the formation, such as deconvolution, wavelet analysis, independent component analysis, is the key of this technology. And the application of wireless, multi-parameter and multi-component measurement will be helpful.

关 键 词：钻柱振动 录井 数据处理 井下诊断 钻前预测 

分 类 号：TE142[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]