2008年重庆市燃煤型氟中毒病区环境氟调查分析  

Analysis of environmental fluoride of the coal-burning endemic fluorosis areas in Chongqing

作　　者：陈静[1] 肖邦忠[2] 晏维[2] 周倩如[1] 张洁[1] 王正虹[1] 赵舰[1] 郭小琳[1] 罗兴建[2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心理化与卫生毒理检测所,400042 [2]重庆市疾病预防控制中心地方病所,400042

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》2009年第5期541-544,共4页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市燃煤型氟中毒病区环境氟分布特征，为制订科学防治措施提供科学依据。方法2008年，根据重庆市的历史资料，以巫山县凌云村、栗子村和彭水县太平村、大青村4个病区村和永川区的双楼村、现龙村2个非病区村为调查村。对4个病区村所有8～12岁儿童进行氟斑牙检查，对16岁以上人群进行临床氟骨症检查。6个调查村每村抽取5户居民，每户采集1份家中所用煤、拌煤土、混土煤、煤渣、土壤，每份500g；每村抽取15户居民，每户采集玉米、大米、土豆、蔬菜，粮食和蔬菜样品各1份．每份500g，干辣椒样品1份，每份100g；每户采集1份饮用水水样，每份250ml；有饮茶习惯的居民村，每村采集茶叶15户以上，每户采集50g茶叶和600ml茶水测定含氟量；每村抽取5户居民，测旺火时的室内、外空气含氟量。结果病区村儿童氟斑牙检出率为74．65％（736／986），成人氟骨症检出率为7．20％（75／1592）；病区村煤、拌煤土、混土煤、煤渣、土壤含氟量分别为（310．56±209．46）、（360．51±224．96）、（293．62±65．15）、（186．59±133．66）、（497．54±294．70）mg／kg；非病区村分别为（48．68±10．62）、（275．66±62．69）、（152．20±34．43）、（209．14±188．66）、（269．98±58．21）mg／kg，病区村均显著高于非病区村（t=7．67、31．54、5．82、5．82，P均〈0．05）；病区村饮用水、玉米、辣椒、大米、土豆、蔬菜含氟量分别为（0．30±0．14）、（1．83±2．67）、（23．50±91．80）、（0．77±0．25）、（0．44±0．11）、（0．48±0．18）mg／kg，非病区村分别为（0．18±0．06）、（2．21±0．46）、（2．82±2．51）、（1.31±0．21）、（0．64±0．41）、（1．10±0．77）mg／kg；饮用水、辣椒含氟量病区村显著高于非病区村（t=7．79、2．33，P均〈0．05）；大米、土豆、蔬菜�Objective To find out the distribution pattern of environmental fluoride in the coal-burning endemic fluorosis areas to provide scientific evidence for establishing prevention and remedial measures in Chongqing. Methods According to historical data in Chongqing In 2008, 4 endemic villages （Lingyun and Lizi Villages of Wushan County, and Taiping and Daqing Villages of Pengshui County） and 2 non-endemic villages （ShuangLou and XianLong Villages of Yongehuan County） were investigated. Dental fluorosis of children in 8 to 12 year old and residents over 16 years of age for clinical skeletal fluorosis were examined in four endemic villages. Five households from each of 6 villages were taken, where 500 g of coal, mixed clay with coal, mixed coal of soil, coat cinder, soil were sampled; 15 people were taken in each village, each household gathering 500 g of corn,rice, potatoes, vegetables, grain and vegetable, 100 g of dried pepper and 250 ml of drinking water were sampled from 15 families of each village. Household drinking water samples were collected 1, each 250 ml. For those having tea-drinking habit, each household was collected 50 g of tea and 600 ml of drinking tea, the amount of fluoride were determined. Indoor and outdoor air was collected and measured in 5 households in each village. Results The detected rate of dental fluorosis of children in endemic areas was 74.65% （736/986）. The detected rate of skeletal fluorosis of adult was 7.20%（736/986）. The average fluoride content of coal, mixed clay with coal, mixed coal of soil, cinder coal, soil in the endemic villages was （310.56 ± 209.46） , （360.51 ±224.96）, （293.62 ± 65.15）, （186.59 ± 133.66）, （497.54 ± 294.70）mg/kg. The average fluoride content in non-endemic villages was （48.68 ±10.62）, （275.66 ± 62.69）, （152.20 ± 34.43）, （209.14 ± 188.66）,269.98 ±58.21）mg/kg. The fluoride content level of endemic villages was significantly higher than that of non-endemic villages （t = 7.67,31.54,5.82, 5.82, al

关 键 词：煤 氟化物中毒 数据收集 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]