城市化进程中失地农民就业状况对心理健康的影响分析  

Mental Health and Related Factors of the Unemployed Landless Peasants in Process of Urbanization

作　　者：张训保[1] 卓朗[1] 黄水平[1] 徐莉春[1] 吴秀娟[1] 赵华硕[1] 黄薇[1] 刘沛[2] 

机构地区：[1]徐州医学院公共卫生学院,江苏徐州221002 [2]东南大学公共卫生学院,南京210008

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2009年第9期661-664,共4页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：江苏省科技厅社会发展基金课题(BS2005018)

摘　　要：目的:了解失地农民的心理健康状况及其影响因素,为该人群的心理健康干预和制定相关政策提供依据。方法:使用整群抽样的方法抽取徐州金山桥社区、茶棚社区两地失地农民1200人,收回有效问卷1041份。用自编一般情况问卷与症状自评量表进行调查。结果:调查的失地农民中,624人(59.9%)没有职业。无职业失地农民心理异常率(49.5%)高于有职业失地农民心理异常率(35.6%),失地农民中受教育程度为小学及以下、初中、高中技校及以上的心理异常率分别为53.1%、41.3%、32.5%。无职业失地农民SCL-90总均分、总得分及躯体化、焦虑、忧郁、恐怖因子分均高于有职业失地农民[如,总均分(1.39±0.34)vs.(1.32±0.33),P<0.05]。收入高低、融入社会困难、与社会其他成员联系少、缺乏社会保障是影响失地农民心理健康的重要危险因素。结论:有无职业对失地农民的心理健康存在明显影响,应开展并加强对失地农民的心理健康的干预活动,提高他们适应社会环境变化的职业技能,维护其身心健康。Objective： To understand the landless peasants＇mental health status and to provide the basis for mental intervention and policy-making. Methods： By cluster sampling, 1200 landless peasants in Xuzhou were selected and investigated with the self-made general situation questionnaire and self-report symptom inventory, Symptom checklist 90 （SCL-90） . A total of 1041 effective questionnaires were collected. Results： According to our investigation, 624 （59.9%） landless peasants were unemployed. The mental abnormality rate in the unemployed landless peasants was higher than that in the employed （49. 5% vs. 35.6% ） . The mental abnormality rates in the landless peasants with educational level of primary school and below, junior middle school, high school or professional school were 53. 1%, 41.3%, and 32. 5% respectively. Unemployed landless peasants＇scores of mental abnormality were higher that of the employed. Low income and social difficultly were important risk factors. Conclusions： Employment has obvious impact on the landless peasants＇ mental health. To maintain mental and physical health, mental health interventions should be undertaken on the landless peasants with improving their social adaptation especially their job skills.

关 键 词：整群抽样 失地农民 心理健康 症状自评量表 横断面调查 

分 类 号：C913.2[经济管理] R395.6[社会学]