产量构成因素及穗部性状对籼稻品种库容的影响  

Effects of Yield Components and Panicle Traits on Sink Potential in Conventional indica Rice

作　　者：董桂春[1] 李进前[1] 董燕萍 周娟[1] 田昊[1] 于小凤[1] 张传胜[1] 张岳芳[1] 王余龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,江苏扬州225009 [2]连云港市园艺蔬菜技术指导站,江苏连云港222001

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2009年第5期523-528,共6页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30971728;30771275);扬州大学高层次人才科研启动基金资助项目;扬州大学科技创新培育基金资助项目

摘　　要：在群体水培条件下,以国内外不同年代育成的88份(2001年)和122份(2002年)常规籼稻代表品种为材料,测定它们的茎蘖动态、产量及其构成因素、穗部性状等,采用组内最小平方和的动态聚类方法将供试品种按库容量从低到高依次分为A、B、C、D、E、F共6类,研究各类品种产量及其构成因素、穗部性状的基本特点。结果表明:1)供试品种间库容量的差异很大,库容量最大的品种比最小的品种高426%(2001年)、817%(2002年),F类品种比A、B、C、D、E类品种分别高184.71%、88.93%、57.45%、34.32%、14.05%(2001年)和305.05%、153.54%、90.28%、51.24%、21.29%(2002年);2)随着库容量水平的提高,产量呈显著增加趋势;3)大库容类型籼稻品种单位面积穗数、每穗粒数、千粒重均显著大于小库容类型品种;4)大库容籼稻品种平均穗长、着粒密度、每穗一次枝梗数、每穗二次枝梗数较大;5)提高每穗粒数、单位面积穗数均可促进单位面积库容量的提高,两者对库容量作用的大小相仿,但均显著大于千粒重对库容量的影响。着粒密度、穗长对每穗粒数的影响显著大于每穗二次枝粳数,以及一、二次枝粳数比值对每穗粒数的影响。Eighty-eight and 122 conventional indiea rice varieties were solution cultured in 2001 and 2002, respectively, and tiller number dynamics, yield and its components, and panicle traits of these varieties were investigated. The tested rice varieties were classified into 6 types （i. e. A, B, C, D, E and F, A was the lowest, and F was the highest） based on their sink potential levels by the MinSSw method. Significant difference in sink potential （SP） among the varieties was found, the ratio of the maximal SP to the minimum in 2001 and 2002 were 426% and 817%, respectively. The average SP of the F type varieties were 184.71%, 88. 93%, 57.45%, 34.32% and 14.05% higher in 2001, and 305.05%, 153.54%, 90.28%, 51.24% and 21.29% higher in 2002, respectively than those of A , B-, C , D-, E type varieties. With the enlarging SP the grain yield increased significantly. Varieties belonging to large SP type had superiority in the number of panicles per uni area, number of spikelets per panicle and 1000 grain weight. Varieties with larger SP showed longer panicle, higher spikelet density and higher number of primary and secondary rachis branches on panicles. The contributions of the number of spike lets and number of panicles per unit area to SP were similar, which was significantly greater than that of 1000 grain weigh to SP. The number of spikelets per panicle was more affected by spikelet density and panicle length than by number of sec ondary rachis branches per panicle and the ratio of primary rachis branch number per panicle to secondary rachis branch num ber per panicle.

关 键 词：籼稻品种 库容量 产量构成因素 穗部性状 

分 类 号：S511.21[农业科学—作物学]