B超监测产后奶牛子宫恢复和卵巢变化情况的研究  

B Ultrasonography Study on the Recovery of the Uterus and the Change of the Ovary in Postpartum Dairy Cows

作　　者：韩瑾瑾[1] 邓立新[1] 贺丛[1] 张剑[2] 杨利国[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学牧医工程学院,郑州450002 [2]华中农业大学动物科技学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2009年第9期107-111,共5页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家现代农业(肉牛)产业技术体系专项经费资助(MATS-Beef Cattle System)

摘　　要：作者旨在通过B超技术探讨产后奶牛子宫的恢复情况和卵巢的变化情况,研究奶牛繁殖性能的变化规律,为更好地指导奶牛产后配种、繁育等工作提供试验依据。根据试验方案选择8头中国荷斯坦产后奶牛(其中4头初产、4头经产),从产后第1天开始到下次发情配种,持续利用B超观察其子宫的恢复情况和卵巢的变化情况。结果表明,子宫颈和子宫壁恢复正常的平均时间初产奶牛分别大约为25和32 d,经产奶牛均为27 d;经产和初产奶牛卵泡的发育都经历了6个卵泡波,前3个卵泡波为1个发情周期,后3个卵泡波为1个发情周期。因子宫未恢复完全,故要到第2个发情周期末(即要到第6个卵泡波)配种;初产和经产奶牛产后发情配种的平均时间分别大约为90和53 d。由此可看出初产奶牛的子宫颈恢复正常的平均时间要比经产奶牛早2 d,而子宫壁恢复正常的平均时间要比经产奶牛晚5 d;初产奶牛发情配种的平均时间要比经产奶牛晚37 d。This paper aims at studying the recovery of the uterus and the change of the ovary in postpartum dairy cows by ultrasonography scanning and researching on the variation of the reproductive performance, in order to supply datum for better guiding postpartum breeding and reproduction of dairy cows. On experiment plan, Choose 8 heads of Chinese postpartum dairy Holstein （including 4 heads of primiparous and 4 heads of multiparous dairy cows）. The recovery of the uterus and the change of the ovary in postpartum dairy cows were studied by ultrasonography from the first day of postpartum last to the time of the next estrus mating. The results showed that the recovery times of cervix and uterine wall in primiparous dairy cows are about 25 days and 32 days respectively, in multiparous dairy cows are all about 27 days. The development of the follicles in primiparous and multiparous dairy cows all experienced six follicle waves, the first three follicle waves being one estrous cycle and the last three follicle waves being one estrous cycle. Because the uterus did not recover completely, the mating should be at the end of the second estrous cycle（that is at the time of the sixth follicle wave）. The average time of postpartum estrus mating in primiparous and multiparous dairy cows are about 90 days and 53 days respectively. All results mentioned above indicated that the average time of cervix recovering to normal in primiparous dairy cows is 2 days earlier than that of the postpartum dairy cows, but the average time of uterine wall recovering to normal in primiparous dairy cows is 5 days later than that of the postpartum dairy cows, the average time of estrus mating in primiparous dairy cows is 37 days later than that of the postpartum dairy cows.

关 键 词：奶牛 子宫 卵巢 B超 产后恢复 

分 类 号：S857.2[农业科学—临床兽医学]