优秀速度滑冰运动员下肢肌肉力量特征的力学分析  

Mechanical Analysis on the Characteristics of Lower Limb Muscle Strength for Talent Speed Skaters

作　　者：夏娇阳[1] 张颖[2] 王新[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)体育教学部,山东青岛266555 [2]山东大学威海分校,山东威海264200 [3]沈阳体育学院运动人体科学系,辽宁沈阳110102

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2009年第9期77-80,共4页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

摘　　要：采用爱捷运动影像分析系统和等速测力系统CYBEX NORM对我国优秀女子速滑运动员进行了运动学和动力学测试。并利用数值计算中的牛顿插值法,根据三维立体解析获得的关节角速度值与等动测试获得的动力学数据进行插值计算,绘出运动员实际蹬冰时肌群力矩变化曲线,分析运动员下肢肌肉力量所存在的问题。主要结论:1.在爆发力蹬冰阶段,髋关节伸肌肌群在蹬伸时可以发挥最大肌力,这对运动技术的提高是有益的。2.随着蹬伸速度的增加,运动员髋、膝、踝的肌肉力量下降,这将影响每个环节的功率输出,应加强腿部肌群快速收缩下的专项力量能力。3.运动员在膝角大于135°以后呈现肌力水平较低现象,即便角速度已经开始减少,但肌力却没有增加,这使得蹬冰后期小腿作用被减弱。Aijie moving video analysis system and Cybex Norm are apphed in this article to conduct a kinematic and mechanical test among Chinese talent female speed skaters. Newton interpolation in numerical computing are used to analyze problems in the lower limb muscle strength of the skaters. Major conclusions are as follows ： in the explosive ice - kicking stage,the hip tendon can be exerted to its fullest potential, which is helpful to the imporvement of kinematic skills. With the increase of the kicking speed, the muscle strength of the hip, knee and ankle drops, which will affeet the power output of each link. When the knee angle exceeds 135° the muscle strength of the athletes is low,which dims the role of the leg in the latter stage of ice - kicking.

关 键 词：生物力学分析 速度滑冰 肌肉力量 

分 类 号：G862.1[文化科学—体育训练] G804.6[文化科学—体育学]