皮肤过敏原点刺试验553例分析  

Analysis of 553 cases of allergen skin prick tests

作　　者：孙坚[1] 周世良[1] 刘晓静[1] 徐春燕[1] 许萍[1] 王农荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学第四附属医院呼吸内科,南昌330003

出　　处：《中山大学学报（医学科学版）》2009年第A03期104-106,共3页Journal of Sun Yat-Sen University:Medical Sciences

摘　　要：【目的】观察过敏原皮肤点刺试验结果。【方法】对支气管哮喘、过敏性鼻炎及湿疹/麻疹等3组患者进行过敏原皮肤点刺试验。试剂为北京协和医院诊断试剂厂生产的吸入组与食物组共38种过敏原试剂。【结果】成人组中支气管哮喘、过敏性鼻炎及湿疹/麻疹组过敏原皮试阳性率分别为61.8%、86.8%及53.8%,其中过敏性鼻炎组中阳性率(86.8%)与儿童组(37.5%)比较有显著差异;成人组中花粉阳性率(32.11%～57.02%)明显低于儿童组(10.47%);成人组中夏秋花粉阳性率高于春季花粉;近年来蟑螂、家蝇等过敏原阳性率增高。【结论】根据试剂所含过敏原的种类可检出过敏性疾病的相关过敏原。儿童呼吸道过敏疾病检出阳性率较成人低可能与病毒感染所引起有关。吸入性过敏原,尤其是气传花粉与气候、季节等因素密切相关。[ Objective ] To Explore the results of allergen skin prick tests. [ Method ] We used skin prick tests on three groups： bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema/urticaria. The 38 reagents included inhalation groups and food groups were produced by diagnostic chemical reagent manufactory of Peking Union Hospital. [ Results ] The positive rates of skin prick tests in bronchial asthma group, allergic rhinitis, and eczema/urticaria of adults were 61.8%, 86.8%, and 53.8%. There were significant differences between adult allergic rhinitis group（86.8%）and children allergic rhinitis group （37.5%）. The positive rates of pollen of adult group （32.11% - 57.02% ） is significant higher than the children group （10.47%）. The positive rates of summer autumn pollen is significant higher than the spring pollen in adults. The positive rates of cockroach and housefly increased in recently years. [ Conclusions ] The allergic diseases related allergens could be detected by the different reagents. The reason of the positive rates in allergic respiratory diseases of children were lower than adults maybe related about virus infection. The inhalational allergens , especially airborne pollens were closely related with climate and season.

关 键 词：皮肤过敏原 过敏性疾病 皮肤点刺试验 防治 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]