203例腹泻病的临床特点与病原学关系分析  

Relationship between Clinical Characteristics and Pathogenic of 203 Children Diarrhea Cases

作　　者：陈彩凤[1] 刘晓萍[1] 黄柏枝[1] 周勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东东莞市太平人民医院,广东东莞523900

出　　处：《中山大学学报（医学科学版）》2009年第A03期125-127,共3页Journal of Sun Yat-Sen University:Medical Sciences

摘　　要：【目的】探讨儿童腹泻病的临床特点与病原学的关系。【方法】对2006年1月1日至2007年12月31日于本院住院的203例腹泻病患儿进行回顾性分析。【结果】1.本组腹泻病的发病年龄92%在3岁以下尤以两岁内的为高发年龄占84%,男孩病例数多于女孩(1.86:1)。2.发病季节视不同病原而不同。轮状病毒肠炎高发于10～12月的冬季(占66%),其次为1～3月的春季(占13%);感染性腹泻以春秋季比例高,分别为31%和42%;非感染性腹泻以冬春季为多占38%和35%。3.临床表现特点与不同病原的关系:轮状病毒肠炎主要症状为稀水样、蛋花样便占87%,发热占74%,呕吐占55%;感染性腹泻以稀烂便和含粘液便为主,占67%和83%,发热、呕吐少见;非感染性腹泻临床表现与轮状病毒肠炎基本相似;以稀水便、蛋花汤便为主(69%),发热次之(54%),呕吐居第三占42%。4.病原学检测:170例检测轮状病毒抗原,119例阳性,阳性率为70%;43例大便细菌培养,仅5%阳性。【结论】3岁以下尤以2岁以内为儿童腹泻病的高发年龄。轮状病毒是主要病原,冬季为高发季节,不同病因肠炎有不同的临床表现。[ Objective ] To investigate the relation between the clinical characteristics and pathogenic of 203 children diarrhea cases. [Method] Carry out a retrospective research on 203 hospitalized children diarrhea cases in our hospital from 1^st January, 2006 to 31^st December, 2007. [Results] 1. 92% of the cases were under 3 years old, particularly 84% of the cases were under 2 years old. And the cases of boys were more than girls （1.8：1）. The attacking seasons were different when the pathogens were different. The incidence of rotavirns gastroenteritis was higher in the winter from October to December （taking up 66%）, following by spring form January to March （taking up 13% ）. The incidence of infectious diarrhea was higher in spring and autumn, which took up 31% and 4! %, respectively. However the incidence of non-infectious diarrhea was higher in winter and spring, which took up 38% and 35%, respectively. 3. It was the relations between the clinical characteristics and pathogenic. The main clinical symptoms of rotavirus gastroenteritis are having dilute-water stool or egg-pattern stool （87%）, following by fever （74%） and vomiting （55%）. And those of infectious diarrhea are pulpy and mucus stool, 67% and 83% respectively. And fever and vomiting are rare. And those of non-infectious diarrhea are dilute-water stool or egg-pattern stool （69%） following by fever （54%） and vomiting （42%）. 4. Pathogen detection： 119 cases were positive in 170 rotavirus detection samples, and the positive rate was 70%. However, only 5% stool samples were positive when having the bacterial cultures. [Conclusion] The children under 3 years old, particularly under 2 years old suffer a higher incidence of children diarrhea. Rotavirus is the main pathogen, which is most likely attacking in winter. Gastroenteritis from different pathogen has different clinical manifestations.

关 键 词：儿童 腹泻 病原学 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科]