不同油菜品种角果光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数的差异  

Analysis on photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence of siliques for different winter rapeseed varieties(Brassica napus L.)

作　　者：周可金[1,2] 肖文娜[2] 官春云[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学油料所/国家油料改良中心湖南分中心,湖南长沙410128 [2]安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2009年第3期316-321,共6页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家948课题(2006-G04);国际植物营养研究所项目(Anhui-17);安徽省教育厅(KJ2007B297)

摘　　要：通过气体交换和荧光猝灭动力学等技术研究了4个不同熟期冬油菜品种的角果光合特性和叶绿素a荧光参数。结果表明:不同油菜品种角果皮叶绿素含量存在明显差异,早熟品种角果发育前期叶绿素含量随生育进程上升较快,但后期下降也快;叶绿素含量与籽粒产量、含油量之间无显著相关。油菜产量、含油量和角果发育期间的光能利用率存在一定相关性,其中华协102和同富油3号光能利用率较高,产量与含油量也较高。不同品种角果皮叶绿素a荧光参数-光合有效量子产量(EQY)、光合电子传递速率(ETR)、光化学淬灭(qP)和非光化学淬灭(NPQ)存在较大差异,华协102和同富油3号的角果皮天线色素对光能吸收及电子传递链效率优于其它品种,在光能转化利用中占有优势,其ETR、EQY、qP值较高,NPQ较低。可见,晚熟和杂交品种的产量高于早熟和常规品种与其后期角果皮光能利用率和电子传递链效率较高等生理因素有关。In order to understand the photosynthesis mechanism and to provide theoretic base to assist screening high photosynthetic efficiency of rapeseed （Brassica napus L. ） variety, gas exchange and ehlorophyU a fluorescence parameters in siliques of four winter rape varieties were measured under field conditions. The results showed that there were significant differences in chlorophyll contents of silique wall among four winter rape varieties. The chlorophyll contents in silique wall of early - maturing rapeseed varieties increased quickly in early stage but reduced quickly in later stage. There was no significant correlation between chlorophyll contents and yield or oil content in early - maturing varieties. The yield and oil content in siliques of winter rapeseed varieties at siliques developing stage were correlated with the efficiency for light energy utilization. The light energy use efficiency of Huaxie 102 and Tongfuyou 3 were higher than the other two varieties and their yield and oil content were higher as well. Significant differences were found in the ETR （photosynthetic electron transport rate）, EQY （effective quantum yield） ,qP （photochemical quenching coefficient） and NPQ four varieties. Huaxie 102 and Tongfuyou 3 had higher EQY, （non -photochemical quenching coefficient） among ETR and qP and lower NPQ. These results suggested that the EQY and ETR of serotinous variety and hybrid variety were higher and which resulted in their higher yield than earlymaturing variety and conventional variety at later growth stage.

关 键 词：冬油菜 角果 叶绿素A荧光参数 光合特性 叶绿素含量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311