银鲫与普通鲫群体遗传结构的比较分析  

Comparative analysis of genetic composition of population between silver crucian carp and normal crucian carp

作　　者：孙效文[1,2] 杨彦豪[3] 鲁翠云[2] 曹顶臣[2] 雷清泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学材料科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150080 [2]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070 [3]广西水产研究所,南宁530021

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2009年第4期34-39,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(30271010);国家重大基础研究计划(2004CB117405)

摘　　要：利用15个微卫星多态性分子标记,对黑龙江省方正县双龙水库和双凤水库两个水体的雌核发育银鲫(Car-assius auratus gibelio)和二倍体普通鲫(Carassius auratus(L))的群体遗传多样性进行比较分析。结果显示:平均每个多态性位点获得银鲫10.39个有效等位基因,普通鲫11.82个有效等位基因;双龙水库三倍体银鲫和二倍体普通鲫的平均观测杂合度分别为0.6035和0.6300,双凤水库中的三倍体银鲫和二倍体普通鲫的平均观测杂合度为0.5311和0.5885;相似性与遗传距离分析结果显示:相似性最大的是双凤水体内的银鲫和普通鲫(0.8127),远大于两个水体间的银鲫群体间的相似性。结果表明,银鲫与普通鲫存在着明显的遗传物质交流,较高的遗传相似性不仅与传统的银鲫起源于普通鲫的观点一致,也暗示银鲫与普通鲫存在经常性地遗传物质交流。In this paper,15 polymorphic microsatellite markers were used to analyze genetic composition of population of normal crucian carp and silver crucian carp from Shuanglong reservoir and Shuangfeng reservoir in Fangzheng county,Heilongjiang province.The mean number of effective allele（Ne） is 10.39 for silver crucian carp and 11.82 for normal crucian carp.The mean observed heterozygosity value（H0） is 0.6035 and 0.6300 respectively for silver crucian carp and normal crucian carp from Shuanglong reservoir,and the mean observed heterozygosity value（H0） is 0.5311 and 0.5885 for silver crucian carp and normal crucian carp from Shuangfeng reservoir.The results showed that the highest genetic similarity 0.8127 occured between silver crucian carp and normal crucian carp in Shuangfeng reservoir is very high,and it is much higher than the genetic similarity（0.5971） between two populations of silver crucian carp in two reservoirs.The results also showed silver crucian carp was origin from normal crucian carp,and also imply that some exchanges of genetic materials have often occurred between triploid and diploid crucian carp.

关 键 词：银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio) 普通鲫(Carassius auratus(L)) 群体遗传结构 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学] Q953[生物学—动物学]