人工湿地冬季净化减排水产养殖废水效果  

Purification and reduction of pond aquaculture effluents using constructed wetlands in winter

作　　者：陶玲[1] 李谷[1] 袁龙义[2] 吴恢碧[1] 李晓莉[1] 赵巧玲[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,湖北荆州434000 [2]长江大学园艺园林学院,湖北荆州434025 [3]华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2009年第4期59-62,共4页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：国家大宗淡水鱼类产业技术体系项目(nycytx-49-11);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费;中国水产科学院渔业水体净化技术和系统研究重点开放实验室开放基金资助(FWT-200701)

摘　　要：根据我国池塘养殖废水排放特点,研究了冬季人工湿地集中处理池塘养殖废水的效果。结果显示,在0.22 m/d水力负荷下,人工湿地对池塘养殖废水中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、化学需氧量(COD)和悬浮物(TSS)的去除率分别达到35.0%,38.2%,34.7%,91.6%;水力负荷上升至0.36 m/d后,人工湿地对TN和COD的去除率显著下降为20.0%和27.9%(P<0.05),TP和TSS去除率变化差异不显著(P>0.05),分别为35.7%和和93.2%。经人工湿地处理后出水TN浓度低于1.5 mg/L,TP浓度低于0.2 mg/L,COD浓度低于8 mg/L,TSS浓度低于5 mg/L,均满足水产养殖废水排放要求,表明应用人工湿地技术能有效实现池塘养殖废水的减排。另外,冬季低温使人工湿地对池塘养殖废水中TN和COD的去除率与夏季相比显著降低(P<0.05),但通过对人工湿地进行曝氧能够显著提高其对TN和COD的去除率(P<0.05)。Treatment of aquaculture effluents by the constructed wetlands in winter was studied according to the characteristics of wastewater discharging from aquaculture ponds.The results showed that the effluents from the aquaculture ponds can be purified by the constructed wetlands with the reduction rate of 35.0 %,38.2%,34.7% and 91.6% for TN,TP,COD and TSS respectively under the hydraulic loads of 0.22 m/d.When the hydraulic load increased to 0.36m/d,the reduction rate of TN and COD were 20.0% and 27.9%,which decreased significantly（P〈0.05）;while the reduction rate of TP and TSS were 35.7% and 93.2%,which had no significant difference（P〉0.05）.The concentrations of TN,TP,COD and TSS in the effluent of the constructed wetlands were lower than 1.5 mg/L,0.2 mg/L,8 mg/L and 5 mg/L respectively,which satisfied the discharge requirement for aquaculture wastewater.The low temperature in winter decreased the TN and COD reduction rate of the constructed wetlands（P〈0.05） while aeration improved the TN and COD reduction rate（P〈0.05）.The application of constructed wetlands can effectively reduce the effluents from aquaculture pond.

关 键 词：池塘养殖 人工湿地 污染减排 水力负荷 

分 类 号：S964.9[农业科学—水产养殖] S959[农业科学—水产科学]