以控制传染源为主的血吸虫病综合措施实施效果  

Schistosomiasis Epidemic Characteristic and Effectiveness for Comprehensive Measure with Emphasis on Infectious Resource Control in High Mountainous Area in Sichuan Province

作　　者：吴子松[1] 依火伍力[2] 张晓胜 汪仕安 徐亮[1] 刘刚明[2] 刘洪兵[2] 周艺彪[5] 肖玉明 王天贵 邱东川[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041 [2]普格县疾病预防控制中心 [3]四川省人民政府血防办公室 [4]凉山州疾病预防控制中心 [5]复旦大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《寄生虫病与感染性疾病》2009年第3期126-130,共5页Parasitoses and Infectious Diseases

基　　金：国务院血吸虫病防治工作领导小组办公室资助项目

摘　　要：目的探索大山区以传染源控制为主的血吸虫病综合防治措施。方法选择四川省普格县特兹乡为试点,调查当地血吸虫病的流行特点。实施兴建厕所(沼气池)、管理人畜粪便、人畜扩大化疗和健康教育为主,辅以易感环境药物灭螺的血吸虫病综合防治。结果特兹乡试点初期人群感染率为14.45%,牛是当地的主要传染源,梯田是感染的主要场所。2005-2008年特兹乡新建厕所418座,畜圈128户,沼气池267户;累计化疗13465人次,家畜化疗7652头次;累计反复灭螺406万m2;开展多形式、多层次的健康教育,覆盖全乡人群;农林水等部门综合治理消灭钉螺。经过4年综合防治,人群感染率从14.45%下降到0.88%;家畜感染率从12.89%下降到0.54%;钉螺面积和钉螺密度均明显下降,连续两年未发现感染性钉螺;血防知识知晓率达85%。结论在大山区实施以兴建厕所和人畜扩大化疗为主的传染源控制的综合措施是可行和科学的。Objective To explore idiographic measures of comprehensive strategy with emphasis on infectious resource control in high mountainous area. Method Tezi Township was selected as experimental site in Puge County in Sichuan Province. Schistosomiasis epidemic characteristic was investigated in Tezi Township.Building toilet or bioga stank, and enlarge chemotherapy for people and animal, and health education were carried out principally, and snail control was carried out with drug in high risk environment as well. Result Sichistosomiasis was serious in Tezi Township, and the people infected rate was 14.45% in the begining period. The cattle were the principal infectious resource. People and animal were infected mainly in terrace field. 418 toilets and 267 biogas tanks and 128 animal sheds were built.13 465 people and 7 652 animals accepted chemotherapy. Snail control with drug was conducted in 406 hm^2 snail environment from 2005 to 2008. The schistosomiasis health education was carried out with many modes and forms in whole township. Other projects were carried out in Tezi through agriculture, forest and water conservancy departments. After 4 years schistosomiasis control, the people infection rate reduced from 14. 45% to 0. 88% , and the animal infection rate reduced from 12. 89% to 0. 54%. Snail area and snail density reduced markedly. No infectious snail was found for two years. The understanding rate to schistosomiasis knowledge reached 85%. Conclusion The measures are feasible and scientific. Toilet building and enlarge chemotherapy are principal measures in high mountainous area.

关 键 词：血吸虫病 传染源控制 大山区 效果 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]