新疆阿克苏地区种稻改良盐渍土问题  

The Problem of Washing Salt in Soil by Plant Rice in Aksu, Xinjiang

作　　者：沈玉凌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区研究》1998年第3期56-59,共4页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!49471005

摘　　要：通过新疆阿克苏地区的定点观测试验，以及阿克苏地区种稻改良盐渍士对塔里木河的影响的分析，提出当地通过种稻改良盐渍土的作法是不合理的。阿克苏地区改良盐渍土的根本途径应是完善排水系统，降低地下水位。Aksu is the salinized cultivated - damp soil region - The salt type of the salinized cultivat-ed - damp soil is SO4 - Ca. Salt content in the whole soil profile is high. One year of rice plan bringrabout a lowering of salt content in the soil, and desalination is the most remarkable in the ploughed layer.However, the rice cultivation may only bring about the temporary benchts because of poor drainage. APonion of salt can be removed out of the soll through drainage outlets, but the salt content in the soil riseagain with the upward capillary water and accumulatc in surfacc soil under thc dry condition. Aner one tothree yeare of cotton plant,the salt content is so high that rice has to be planted once more. Thus a poorforation system of rice and cotton is developed. The high salt content in the soil can not be lowered thor-oughly by rice plant, on the contrary, rice plant makes the groundwater level rise up rapidly, and causesthe salt conent in the soil of nearby area to rise up, Morcover, the increase of waer cousumption for itri-gaion rice brings about the reduction of the streaedow of Tarim river. In such an arid area in a seriousshortag of waer, desalination by rice plant is a kind of waet waste. A permancnt way for lowering saltcontent of the soil in Aksu region is to strength irrigaion management and improve drainage systems.

关 键 词：土壤 新疆 阿克苏 盐渍土 改良 种稻改良 

分 类 号：S156.45[农业科学—土壤学]