银粉背蕨的配子体发育及孢子繁殖技术的研究  

Studies on Gametophyte Development and Spore Propagation of Aleuritopteris argentea

作　　者：黄笛[1] 冯玉兰[1] 董丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,国家花卉工程技术中心,北京100083

出　　处：《园艺学报》2009年第9期1345-1352,共8页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：北京林业大学振兴计划人才培养专项课题

摘　　要：研究了不同培养条件对银粉背蕨(Aleuritopteris argentea)孢子萌发、配子体生长发育及孢子体苗形成的影响。结果表明:银粉背蕨的孢子萌发为书带蕨型,配子体发育为水蕨型。在4℃下分别贮藏0、2、4、6和10个月孢子的萌发时间和萌发率均没有显著差异。对4种常规基质的研究表明,泥炭土+河沙(体积比1∶1)是银粉背蕨孢子萌发和生长的最佳基质,萌发率达65%以上,成苗率高达83.2%;而园土和草炭土均不利于配子体的正常生长和发育。对孢子和原叶体的无菌培养结果表明,在含不同浓度无机盐的培养基中,MS培养基最适于孢子萌发和原叶体生长,其萌发率高达53.3%;在1/8MS中孢子没有萌发。在含不同蔗糖浓度的培养基中,4%的蔗糖对原叶体增殖和发育最佳,其增殖率最高,合子胚发生数最多,成苗时间最短。The effects of different cultivation conditions on spore germination, gametophyte development and sporophyte growth of Aleuritopteris argentea were studied. The results showed that the spore germination is Vittaria-type while the gametophyte developing is Ceratopteris-type. No significant differences were observed in germination rate and time among spores stored at 4 ℃ with periods of 0, 2, 4, 6 and 10 months respectively. The studies on four general solid substrates showed that the growth and development of gametophytes failed either in soil or in peat alone, while the maximum rates of spore germination and sporophyte formation were obtained in the mixed substrate （ the peat and the sand mixed in volume ratio of 1 ： 1 ）, up to 65% and 83.2% respectively. Investigation about the sterile cultivation condition found that, of all the mediums with different inorganic salt concentration, MS basal medium is the best for spore germination （ reached 53.3% ） and gametophyte expansion. When the concentration decreased to 1/8MS, the spores failed to geminate. The results of different sucrose concentrations from 0% to 4% in MS medium on gametophyte growth showed that, 4% was optimum in improving gametophyte expansion, increasing embryo inducing and shortening the period from gametophyte to sporophyte.

关 键 词：银粉背蕨 孢子繁殖 配子体发育 

分 类 号：S682.35[农业科学—观赏园艺]