上海局地强对流天气及临近预报要点  

Local Severe Convective Weather in Shanghai and Its Nowcasting Summary

作　　者：漆梁波[1] 陈雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海中心气象台,上海200030

出　　处：《气象》2009年第9期11-17,129,共8页Meteorological Monthly

摘　　要：借助上海多普勒雷达存储的强天气个例资料,结合上海地区的综合观测网,对上海地区局地强对流天气的天气形势特征及雷达回波发展特点进行了分类。比较发现,回波源地在上海北部地区的占多数,与地面弱切变线的关系非常密切;从初始回波到回波旺盛约经历1个小时;回波的上风向位置容易得到发展;200hPa的风向对回波的发展趋势也有明显的影响。一般而言,西北风不利于回波的快速移动,而在西南风的情况下,回波移动往往会比较快;低层风的大小对回波移动和雷雨大风的形成至关重要。Based on archives of Doppler radar, AWS and other data, local severe storms in Shanghai are classified into 4 main types. After careful analysis and comparison, some forecasting points are summarized as follows. Initial places of storms are mostly massed at north of Shanghai, which keeps close connections with surface weak convergence lines; Developing from initial echo to peak stage will take about 1 hour; Upstream echo takes priority to develop; Strong wind at 200hPa level can largely affect the developing pattern of local severe storms. Usually, northwesterly is not favorable for fast moving echoes, but in case of southwesterly, the echo moves quite fast. Low level wind speed is crucial to echoes＇ motion and triggering of strong gusts. Those points could be useful references for local severe storms＇ nowcasting in Shanghai and other similar areas.

关 键 词：局地强对流 雷达回波 分型 

分 类 号：P448[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] U216.421[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]