中国龙虾卵子发生及卵黄发生的超微结构观察  

Ultrastructural observation of oogenesis and vitellogenesis of Panulirus stimpsoni

作　　者：姜永华[1] 颜素芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院省高校水产科学技术与食品安全重点实验室,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2009年第5期697-704,共8页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金(B0540002)

摘　　要：利用透射电镜研究了中国龙虾(Panulirus stimpsoni)卵子发生过程中卵母细胞内部结构的变化及卵母细胞卵黄发生的全过程。结果表明,卵原细胞结构简单,细胞器不发达。卵黄发生前和卵黄发生早期的卵母细胞内部结构变化明显,核膜凹凸不平,卵质中细胞器极为丰富和发达。卵黄发生中期是内源性卵黄大量形成的阶段,多种细胞器活跃参与形成。其中,囊泡状粗面内质网和线粒体是形成卵黄的主要细胞器,丰富的游离核糖体以直接和间接方式参与形成卵黄粒,溶酶体通过泡状和髓状2种方式形成卵黄粒,高尔基体通过芽生形成小囊泡的方式参与卵黄粒的形成。卵黄发生晚期细胞质中出现大量电子密度不等的卵黄粒,同时,卵质膜通过胞饮作用参与外源性卵黄的形成。成熟卵母细胞中充满高电子密度卵黄粒,细胞器稀少。本研究还探讨了卵母细胞内部结构的变化与卵黄发生的关系及各种细胞器在卵黄形成中的作用。Changes of ultrastructure of oocytes during oogenesis and the origin of vitellogenesis in Panulirus stimpsoni were studied with transmission electron microscope. The results showed that the oogonium was simple in structure with undeveloped organelles. Marked changes occurred in oocytes at pre-vitellogenesis and early vitellogenesis stages, which presented as concavo-convex nuclear membrane and various well-developed organelles emerging in cytoplasm. Active endogenous yolk formation mainly occurred in metaphase of vitellogenesis and many kinds of organelles participated. Vesicular rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria were the dominant organelles which took part in the endogenous yolk formation. Plenty of free ribosomes formed yolk granules by direct and indirect ways. Lysosomes produced yolk granules by muhivescular and medullary ways. And golgi apparatus parted many small vesicles by budding to form yolk granules. There were plentiful yolk granules with different electronic density in the vitellogenic oocytes of anaphase. Meanwhile active microphagocytosis of plasma membrane could be seen to form exogenous yolk. Mature oocytes were full of big yolk granules with high electronic density and their number of organelles reduced quickly. The paper discussed the relationship between changes of the structure in oocytes and vitellogenesis.The function of organelles in vitellogenesis was also discussed.

关 键 词：中国龙虾 卵子发生 卵黄发生 超微结构 

分 类 号：Q248[生物学—细胞生物学] S917[农业科学—水产科学]