石漠化石灰土与水土保持植物葛藤化学元素含量特征  

Content Characteristics of Chemical Elements in Pueraria lobata and Its Calcareous Soil on the Rocky Desertification Area in Guizhou Province

作　　者：宁晓波[1,2] 项文化[1,3] 梁小翠[1,4] 方晰[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学,湖南长沙410004 [2]贵州省林业厅,贵州贵阳550001 [3]南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室,湖南长沙410004 [4]国家野外科学观测研究站,湖南会同418307

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2009年第4期1-6,共6页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：科技部公益性研究项目(2007415);国家野外科学观测研究项目(20060515;20070822);国家林业局重点项目(200611;200617;2007R23);湖南省科技厅重点项目(2006SK4059;2007SK4030)

摘　　要：对贵州花溪区石灰土及水土保持植物葛藤化学元素的含量进行了研究.结果表明：（1）石灰土pH值为7.98,有机质含量为56.60 g·kg^-1.全N、全P含量分别为3.56、0.64 g·kg^-1,N和P有效率低,速效N仅占全N含量的0.47%,速效P仅占全P的1.46%.全K含量为6.92 g·kg^-1,属缺K型土壤.全Ca、全Mg含量分别为15.44、2.74 g·kg^-1.（2）微量元素含量依次排序为Fe〉Mn〉Zn〉Ni〉Pb〉Cu〉Co〉Cd.全Pb、全Zn、全Cu含量均未超过我国土壤环境质量标准（GB15618-1995）中的3级标准,可以作为林地使用.（3）水土保持植物葛藤体内不同元素含量的差异较大,N、K、Ca元素含量在10 g·kg^-1以上,P、Mg元素含量为1～6 g·kg^-1,Fe元素在1000 mg·kg^-1以上,Zn、Mn、Pb、Cu元素含量为10～100 mg·kg^-1,Cd、Ni元素含量〈5 mg·kg^-1.（4）葛藤对土壤中N、P、K、Ca、Mg元素的积累能力最强,其次是对Zn、Cd、Cu、Pb元素,而对Mn、Ni、Fe元素的积累能力最弱.研究结果可为石漠化石灰土的植被修复提供理论依据.This study made an investigation of the chemical element contents in Pueraria lobata, a plant used for soil-water conservation and in its calcareous soil on a limestone rocky desertification area in Huaxi District, Guizhou Province. Results show that the soil＇s pH value is 7.98 and its contents of organic matter, total N and P are respectively 56.60 g · kg^-1, 3. 56 g · kg^-1 and 0.64 g · kg^-1, indicating a low efficiency for N and P because available N and P occupies only 0.47 and 1.46% respectively of total N and P; that the soil＇s total K content is 6. 92 g · kg^-1（a K-poor soil） and its contents of total Ca and Mg are 15.44 g · kg^-1 and 2. 74 g · kg^-1 ; that the soil＇s microelement contents can be ranked from high to low in the following order： Fe〉Mn〉Zn〉Ni2〉Pb〉Cu〉 Co〉Cd; and that its contents of total Pb, Zn and Cu do not exceed what the national standards regulate, thus a feasible vegetation restoration. Results also show that Pueraria lobata has a great difference for the contents of different elements, that its contents of total N, K and Ca are higher than 10 g · kg^-1, its contents of total P and Mg are between 1 g · kg^-1 and 6 g · kg^-1, its total Fe content is higher than 1 000 mg · kg^-1, its contents of total Zn, Mn, Pb and Cu are between 10 mg · kg^-1 and 100 mg · kg^-1 and its contents of total Cd and Ni are lower than 5 mg ·kg^-1; and that it has a strongest ability for the accumulation of N, P, K, Ca and Mg, a strong one for Zn, Cd, Cu, Pb and a weakest one for Mn, Ni and Fe. These results may provide a theoretical basis for vegetation restoration on a limestone rocky desertification area.

关 键 词：生态学 石漠化 石灰土 葛藤 化学元素含量 

分 类 号：Q945.12[生物学—植物学]