植物受精生物学研究的世纪回顾与前瞻  

A Century Retrospect and Prospect of the Researches on Fertilization Biology in Plants

作　　者：杨弘远[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学生命科学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》1998年第3期9-13,共5页World Sci-Tech R&D

摘　　要：今年是被子植物双受精现象发现一百周年。一百年前的这个重大发现,早已在大学和中学的生物学课本中成为普及知识了。它的意义,在于双受精是植物界进化到被子植物这一最高层次所出现的独特现象,而在生物界的其它所有类群中均只有卵的受精而无中央细胞的受精;还在于双受精的第二产物胚乳对胚胎发育、种子形成与后代有重要作用,加之人类赖以生存的粮食也主要来源于胚乳。For a centenary anniversary of the discovery of double fertilization in angiosperms, the author attempts to brief the main achievements and recent advances in plant fertilization biology and the trends toward next century. This article includes the following topics: Fertilization as a bridge connecting the parents and offsprings ; From'know-what 'to 'know-why' ; Fertilization is a multi-stepped and sequential process ; Recognition between pollen and pistil; Guidance for pollen tube growth in the style; How pollen tube enters the embryo sac; Discharge and translocation of sperms; ' Male germ unit' and 'female germ unit';' preferential fertilization 'and intergametic recognition ; How sperm enters the egg cell as related to cytoplasmic inheritance; Egg activation ; In vitro researches on fertilization ; From in vitro pollination to in vitro fertilization ; In vitro fertiization and plant regenerationin in corn ;Experimental studies meeting the 21th century.

关 键 词：植物受精 有性繁殖 被子植物 双受精 受精生物学 

分 类 号：Q944.44[生物学—植物学]