中国红豆杉属和白豆杉属的核形态学研究  

Karyomorphological Study on the GeneraTaxus and Pseudotaxus in China

作　　者：顾志建[1] 周其兴[1] 岳中枢[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明植物研究所

出　　处：《云南植物研究》1998年第3期329-333,共5页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金

摘　　要：报道了红豆杉属Ｔａｘｕｓ３种１变种及白豆杉属Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｔａｘｕｓ１种的核形态结构。红豆杉属３种１变种和白豆杉的间期核构形都为复杂染色中心型，前期染色体属于中间型，体细胞中期染色体分别为：（１）红豆杉Ｔａｘｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｐｉｌｇｅｒ）Ｒｅｈｄ．Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２４＝２０ｍ＋２ｓｍ＋２Ｔ，着丝点端化值（Ｔ．Ｃ．％）为５８２２％；（２）南方红豆杉Ｔ．ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｐｉｌｇｅｒ）Ｒｅｈｄｖａｒ．ｍａｉｒｅｉ（ＬｅｍéｅｅｔＬéｖｌ）ＣｈｅｎｇｅｔＬ．Ｋ．Ｆｕ，Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２４＝２０ｍ＋２ｓｍ＋２Ｔ，Ｔ．Ｃ．％值为５５７５％；（３）东北红豆杉Ｔ．ｃｕｓｐｉｄａｔａＳｉｅｂ．ｅｔＺｕｃｃ．Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２４＝１８ｍ＋４ｓｍ＋２Ｔ，Ｔ．Ｃ．％值为５７０５％；（４）云南红豆杉Ｔ．ｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓＣｈｅｎｇｅｔＬ．Ｋ．Ｆｕ，Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２４＝２１ｍ＋１ｓｍ＋２Ｔ，Ｔ．Ｃ．％值为５５７９％；（５）白豆杉Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｔａｘｕｓｃｈｉｅｎｉ（Ｃｈｅｎｇ）Ｃｈｅｎｇ，Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２４＝２０ｍ＋２ｓｍ＋２Ｔ，Ｔ．Ｃ．％值为５６４３％。上述几种植物有相同类型的间期核和前期染色体，中期染色体中都有２条Ｔ染色体和?In the present paper, karyomorphology were investigated with the materials of 3 species, 1 variety in Taxus and Pseudotaxus chienii in China. The interphase nuclei and prophase chromosomes of these species or variety were commonly found to be the complex chromocenter type and the interstitial type respectively according to Tanaka's catalogue. And the karyotypes of metaphase chromosomes were formulated to be K2n=24=20m+2sm+2T for Taxus chinensis, T.chinensis var. mairei and Pseudotaxus chienii, K2n=24=18m+4sm+2T for T.cuspidata, and K2n=24=21m+1sm+2T for T.yunnanensis. The centromeric terminalization value (T.C.%) was 5822 for T. chinensis, 5575 for T. chinensis var.mairei, 5705 for T.cuspidata, 5579 for T.yunnanensis and 5643 for P. chienii respectively. Generally, the karyomorphology of these taxa were similar to each other, which they commonly have 2T-chromosomes, about 20 m-chromosomes atmetaphase stage. The karyotype asymmetry of all those species mentioned above was of 2B type. Also the karyomorphology of T. chinensis and T. yunnanensis were reported here for the first time.

关 键 词：红豆杉属 白豆杉属 核形态学 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]